Table 2.
Basic descriptive statistics concerning personality according to the TCI vs the distribution of genotypes of the 44-bp VNTR polymorphism in the 5-HTT (SLC6A4) promoter region
| TCI-R |
|
Genotype
|
F | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| n=214 | l/s (n=93) | s/s (n=30) | l/l (n=91) | |||
| Novelty seeking (NS) | 18.76±3.86 | 18.85±3.97 | 18.63±4.21 | 18.70±3.68 | 0.050 | >0.05 |
| Exploratory excitability (NS1) | 5.60±1.86 | 5.52±2.09 | 5.53±1.80 | 5.70±1.63 | H (2.214) =0.498 | >0.05 |
| Impulsiveness (NS2) | 4.84±1.73 | 4.75±1.65 | 5.23±2.05 | 4.79±1.71 | 0.926 | >0.05 |
| Extravagance (NS3) | 4.51±1.57 | 4.73±1.44 | 4.67±1.68 | 4.30±1.65 | 1.786 | >0.05 |
| Disorderliness (NS4) | 3.81±1.43 | 3.85±1.37 | 3.40±1.43 | 3.91±1.47 | 1.518 | >0.05 |
| Harm avoidance (HA) | 17.36±5.76 | 17.36±6.10 | 18.77±5.89 | 16.90±5.34 | 1.186 | >0.05 |
| Anticipatory worry (HA1) | 4.82±2.26 | 4.78±2.30 | 5.00±2.12 | 4.79±2.28 | 0.113 | >0.05 |
| Fear of uncertainty (HA2) | 4.55±1.62 | 4.54±1.61 | 5.30±1.49 | 4.32±1.61 | 4.273 | <0.05 |
| Shyness (HA3) | 3.98±1.74 | 4.02±1.83 | 4.23±1.99 | 3.85±1.56 | 0.610 | >0.05 |
| Fatigability (HA4) | 4.00±2.08 | 3.99±2.15 | 4.23±2.39 | 3.95±1.93 | 0.219 | >0.05 |
| Reward dependence (RD) | 14.10±2.73 | 14.16±2.65 | 14.87±2.54 | 13.78±2.84 | 1.845 | >0.05 |
| Sentimentality (RD1) | 6.23±1.97 | 6.12±1.92 | 6.57±1.76 | 6.23±2.09 | 0.586 | >0.05 |
| Attachment (RD3) | 4.40±1.32 | 4.50±1.30 | 4.60±1.33 | 4.23±1.33 | 1.369 | >0.05 |
| Dependence (RD4) | 3.48±1.33 | 3.56±1.31 | 3.70±1.09 | 3.32±1.42 | 1.238 | >0.05 |
| Persistence (P) | 3.82±1.35 | 3.97±1.42 | 3.50±1.46 | 3.77±1.23 | 1.471 | >0.05 |
| Self-directedness (SD) | 27.79±5.68 | 28.75±5.07 | 27.93±5.84 | 26.78±6.08 | H (2.213) =4.73 | >0.05 |
| Responsibility (SD1) | 5.36±1.59 | 5.55±1.60 | 5.20±1.58 | 5.23±1.59 | 1.103 | >0.05 |
| Purposefulness (SD2) | 5.27±1.64 | 5.34±1.63 | 5.27±1.95 | 5.20±1.57 | 0.181 | >0.05 |
| Resourcefulness (SD3) | 2.90±1.30 | 3.16±1.01 | 2.67±1.45 | 2.70±1.46 | H (2.214) =4.19 | >0.05 |
| Self-acceptance (SD4) | 6.55±2.13 | 6.59±2.03 | 6.83±2.26 | 6.41±2.20 | 0.486 | >0.05 |
| Enlightened second nature (SD5) | 7.68±2.10 | 8.01±1.69 | 7.97±2.31 | 7.24±2.12 | 3.468 | <0.05 |
| Cooperativeness (C) | 32.34±4.68 | 33.17±3.96 | 32.34±4.51 | 31.49±5.27 | 3.012 | >0.05 |
| Social acceptance (C1) | 6.94±1.24 | 7.17±1.15 | 6.69±1.34 | 6.78±1.27 | 3.030 | >0.05 |
| Empathy (C2) | 4.94±1.20 | 5.22±1.06 | 4.93±1.17 | 4.66±1.28 | 5.132 | <0.05 |
| Helpfulness (C3) | 5.86±1.35 | 5.83±1.30 | 6.13±1.14 | 5.79±1.46 | 0.756 | >0.05 |
| Compassion (C4) | 8.46±1.94 | 8.70±1.69 | 8.37±2.09 | 8.25±2.11 | 1.266 | >0.05 |
| Pure-hearted conscience (C5) | 6.16±1.25 | 6.26±1.21 | 6.30±1.42 | 6.01±1.22 | 1.130 | >0.05 |
| Self-transcendence (ST) | 14.63±5.62 | 14.90±5.76 | 13.93±4.63 | 14.57±5.79 | 0.344 | >0.05 |
| Self-forgetfulness (ST1) | 4.60±2.35 | 4.75±2.31 | 4.13±1.36 | 4.60±2.65 | H (2.214) =1.520 | >0.05 |
| Transpersonal identification (ST2) | 3.64±2.08 | 3.77±2.10 | 3.27±2.13 | 3.64±2.05 | 0.676 | >0.05 |
| Spiritual acceptance (ST3) | 6.38±2.74 | 6.38±2.85 | 6.53±3.04 | 6.33±2.55 | 0.062 | >0.05 |
Abbreviations: TCI, Temperament and Character Inventory; 5-HTT, serotonin transporter; TCI-R, Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised; , mean ± standard deviation; n, number of participants; F, F (analysis of variance) test statistic; P, level of significance for F or H statistic; H, Kruskal–Wallis test statistic.