Table 3.

Clinical trials of the NMR as a predictor of treatment response.

Study	Population	NMR classification	Results
Lerman et al. 2006	480 treatment seeking smokers	Slower metabolizers (NMR <0.23) versus normal/faster metabolizers (NMR≥0.23)	Quitting success with nicotine patch decreased significantly as the NMR increased. The NMR did not predict cessation in smokers using nicotine nasal spray.
Schnoll et al. 2009	568 treatment seeking smokers	Slowest metabolizers NMR<0.26 versus normal/faster metabolizers NMR≥0.26	Normal/faster metabolizers were significantly less likely to quit with nicotine patch compared to slow metabolizers.
Ho et al. 2009b	646 treatment seeking African-American Smokers	Slowest quartile versus all other quartiles	Individuals in the slowest quartile had higher quitting rates with both placebo and nicotine gum treatments compared to normal/faster metabolizers.
Lerman et al. 2010	470 treatment seeking Caucasian smokers	Slowest metabolizers <0.26 versus normal metabolizers (NMR ≥0.26)	Extended duration therapy was superior to standard therapy in genotypic or phenotypic slower metabolizers of nicotine, but not in normal metabolizers.
Schnoll et al. 2013	87 treatment seeking fast metabolizers of nicotine	Faster metabolizers >0.18	There were no differences in quit rates at the end of treatment in fast metabolizers treated with high dose vs. standard dose patch
Patterson et al. 2008	414 treatment seeking smokers	Slowest metabolizers <0.26 versus fastest metabolizers >0.54	Slow metabolizers had equivalent quit rates with placebo or bupropion after 10 weeks of treatment (32%), whereas the fastest metabolizers had low quit rates with placebo (10%) which were significantly increased by bupropion (34%).
Lerman et al. 2015	1246 treatment seeking smokers	Slow metabolizers (NMR <0.31) versus normal metabolizers (NMR ≥0.31)	Varenicline was more efficacious than nicotine patch in normal metabolizers but not in slow metabolizers. Slow metabolizers reported greater overall side-effect severity with varenicline versus placebo, whereas there were no differences in side effects by treatment group among normal metabolizers.