Figure 1. Etanercept promoted cell proliferation but inhibited cell apoptosis in endothelin-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Cardiomyocytes treated with endothelin alone acted as the model, and non-treated cardiomyocytes acted as the control. A, Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) level assessed by ELISA. B, Cell counts assessed by trypan blue staining. C, Cell viability assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. D, Ratio of apoptotic cells assessed by TUNEL assay. Data in A-C are reported as means±SD. Data in D are reported as medians and error bars indicate minimum and maximum values. *P<0.05 compared with control in A; *P<0.05, **P<0.01 or ***P<0.001 compared with model (ANOVA).