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. 2017 Jun 22;8:1157. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01157

Table 5.

Associations from linear regression models between gut microbiota and alterations of adaptive immune system parameters measured in the spleen.

IL-17
β (95% CI) 		IFNg
β (95% CI) 		Myeloid cells
β (95% CI) 		CD45+
β (95% CI) 		CD11b+
β (95% CI) 		CD11c+
β (95% CI) 		F480+
β (95% CI) 		Ly6G
β (95% CI)
Actinobacteria −0.4 −2.5 −7.3 −6.4 −5.2 −1.1 −1.8 −3.9
(−14.5, 13.7) (−18.6, 13.6) (−21.0, 6.4) (−17.1, 4.4) (−13.9, 3.6) (−2.6, 0.5) (−4.9, 1.4) (−9.7, 2.0)
p = 0.947 p = 0.726 p = 0.267 p = 0.220 p = 0.220 p = 0.155 p = 0.240 p = 0.171
R2 = 0.001 R2 = 0.019 R2 = 0.111 R2 = 0.134 R2 = 0.133 R2 = 0.175 R2 = 0.123 R2 = 0.163
Alphaproteobacteria −0.9 −0.8 0.3 0.3 0.2 0.1 0 0.1
(−3.0, 1.2) (−3.3, 1.6) (−2.1, 2.7) (−1.7, 2.2) (−1.4, 1.7) (−0.2, 0.3) (−0.5, 0.6) (−0.9, 1.2)
p = 0.349 p = 0.454 p = 0.769 p = 0.771 p = 0.826 p = 0.671 p = 0.877 p = 0.807
R2 = 0.126 R2 = 0.082 R2 = 0.008 R2 = 0.008 R2 = 0.005 R2 = 0.017 R2 = 0.002 R2 = 0.006
Bacilli 0.1 −0.6 −0.5 −0.4 −0.3 0 −0.1 −0.2
(−1.8, 2.0) (−2.7, 1.6) (−2.5, 1.6) (−2.0, 1.2) (−1.7, 1.0) (−0.3, 0.2) (−0.6, 0.3) (−1.1, 0.7)
p = 0.912 p = 0.547 p = 0.615 p = 0.602 p = 0.598 p = 0.688 p = 0.570 p = 0.588
R2 = 0.002 R2 = 0.054 R2 = 0.024 R2 = 0.026 R2 = 0.026 R2 = 0.015 R2 = 0.030 R2 = 0.028
Bacteroidia −0.1 −0.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0 0.1 0.1
(−0.3, 0.1) (−0.4, 0.1) (0.0, 0.4) (0.0, 0.3) (0.0, 0.3) (0.0, 0.0) (0.0, 0.1) (0.0, 0.2)
p = 0.362 p = 0.217 p = 0.020 p = 0.015 p = 0.015 p = 0.005 p = 0.021 p = 0.011
R2 = 0.120 R2 = 0.208 R2 = 0.402 R2 = 0.432 R2 = 0.429 R2 = 0.519 R2 = 0.399 R2 = 0.459
Betaproteobacteria −16.2 −18.6 14 11.8 9.5 1.9 3.1 6.2
(−43.6, 11.2) (−50.1, 12.9) (−5.7, 33.6) (−3.5, 27.2) (−3.1, 22.0) (−0.3, 4.1) (−1.4, 7.7) (−2.4, 14.8)
p = 0.204 p = 0.206 p = 0.146 p = 0.118 p = 0.125 p = 0.082 p = 0.159 p = 0.140
R2 = 0.219 R2 = 0.217 R2 = 0.182 R2 = 0.207 R2 = 0.200 R2 = 0.249 R2 = 0.172 R2 = 0.187
Clostridia 0.2 0.1 −0.2 −0.2 −0.2 0 −0.1 −0.1
(−0.1, 0.4) (−0.2, 0.4) (−0.4, −0.0) (−0.4, −0.0) (−0.3, −0.0) (−0.1, −0.0) (−0.1, −0.0) (−0.2, −0.0)
p = 0.157 p = 0.410 p = 0.025 p = 0.019 p = 0.021 p = 0.007 p = 0.029 p = 0.015
R2 = 0.264 R2 = 0.099 R2 = 0.379 R2 = 0.405 R2 = 0.396 R2 = 0.493 R2 = 0.363 R2 = 0.429
Deferribacteres 1.3 4.9 −6.6 −5.2 −4.5 −0.8 −1.6 −3
(−10.4, 13.0) (−7.9, 17.7) (−17.9, 4.8) (−14.2, 3.7) (−11.7, 2.8) (−2.1, 0.5) (−4.2, 1.0) (−7.9, 2.0)
p = 0.802 p = 0.396 p = 0.228 p = 0.226 p = 0.204 p = 0.199 p = 0.204 p = 0.213
R2 = 0.010 R2 = 0.105 R2 = 0.129 R2 = 0.130 R2 = 0.142 R2 = 0.145 R2 = 0.142 R2 = 0.137
Deltaproteobacteria −1.5 0.5 0.1 0 −0.1 0 0 0
(−3.2, 0.2) (−2.0, 3.0) (−2.0, 2.1) (−1.6, 1.7) (−1.4, 1.3) (−0.2, 0.3) (−0.5, 0.4) (−0.9, 0.9)
p = 0.083 p = 0.641 p = 0.945 p = 0.950 p = 0.933 p = 0.918 p = 0.879 p = 0.962
R2 = 0.369 R2 = 0.033 R2 = 0.001 R2 = 0.000 R2 = 0.001 R2 = 0.001 R2 = 0.002 R2 = 0.000
Erysipelotrichia −1.8 9 −3.9 −3.2 −2.6 −0.5 −1 −1.8
(−9.9, 6.3) (4.0, 14.0) (−12.5, 4.7) (−10.0, 3.6) (−8.2, 2.9) (−1.5, 0.5) (−2.9, 1.0) (−5.6, 2.0)
p = 0.612 p = 0.004 p = 0.336 p = 0.320 p = 0.321 p = 0.321 p = 0.301 p = 0.323
R2 = 0.039 R2 = 0.723 R2 = 0.084 R2 = 0.090 R2 = 0.089 R2 = 0.089 R2 = 0.097 R2 = 0.089
Gammaproteobacteria −15.7 −7.6 −0.1 −1.1 −0.8 −0.5 −0.1 −1.7
(−60.9, 29.6) (−61.7, 46.4) (−26.9, 26.6) (−22.4, 20.1) (−18.0, 16.5) (−3.6, 2.6) (−6.3, 6.1) (−13.4, 10.0)
p = 0.440 p = 0.749 p = 0.991 p = 0.909 p = 0.926 p = 0.745 p = 0.975 p = 0.755
R2 = 0.087 R2 = 0.016 R2 = 0.000 R2 = 0.001 R2 = 0.001 R2 = 0.010 R2 = 0.000 R2 = 0.009
Mollicutes 0.9 −0.1 −0.6 −0.5 −0.3 −0.1 −0.1 −0.2
(−0.5, 2.3) (−2.0, 1.8) (−2.3, 1.1) (−1.9, 0.9) (−1.5, 0.8) (−0.3, 0.1) (−0.5, 0.3) (−1.0, 0.5)
p = 0.168 p = 0.908 p = 0.440 p = 0.442 p = 0.509 p = 0.349 p = 0.573 p = 0.505
R2 = 0.252 R2 = 0.002 R2 = 0.055 R2 = 0.055 R2 = 0.041 R2 = 0.080 R2 = 0.030 R2 = 0.042
Multi−affiliation 0.3 8 −0.9 −0.7 −0.7 −0.1 −0.2 −0.4
(−7.5, 8.1) (2.5, 13.5) (−4.7, 2.8) (−3.7, 2.2) (−3.1, 1.7) (−0.6, 0.3) (−1.1, 0.7) (−2.0, 1.3)
p = 0.921 p = 0.011 p = 0.599 p = 0.593 p = 0.515 p = 0.469 p = 0.614 p = 0.614
R2 = 0.002 R2 = 0.629 R2 = 0.026 R2 = 0.027 R2 = 0.039 R2 = 0.049 R2 = 0.024 R2 = 0.024
Negativicutes −5.5 −5.8 14.5 10.8 9.1 1.3 3.3 5.5
(−20.7, 9.6) (−23.4, 11.8) (0.3, 28.7) (−0.8, 22.4) (−0.1, 18.4) (−0.4, 3.1) (0.0, 6.6) (−1.1, 12.1)
p = 0.418 p = 0.464 p = 0.045 p = 0.064 p = 0.053 p = 0.128 p = 0.048 p = 0.094
R2 = 0.096 R2 = 0.079 R2 = 0.316 R2 = 0.278 R2 = 0.300 R2 = 0.198 R2 = 0.310 R2 = 0.234
Verrucomicrobiae −1.6 −1.1 2.1 1.7 1.4 0.3 0.5 0.9
(−3.2, −0.0) (−3.4, 1.1) (0.5, 3.8) (0.5, 3.0) (0.3, 2.4) (0.1, 0.4) (0.1, 0.9) (0.2, 1.7)
p = 0.048 p = 0.274 p = 0.015 p = 0.012 p = 0.016 p = 0.008 p = 0.024 p = 0.015
R2 = 0.451 R2 = 0.167 R2 = 0.431 R2 = 0.449 R2 = 0.422 R2 = 0.488 R2 = 0.385 R2 = 0.429

In each of the models, the associations are reported as absolute difference (β), with 95% Confidence Intervals (CI), in immune system parameters levels by 1 unit increase in gut microbiota. In bold are reported the statistically significant results (p < 0.05). Per each of the models, the Coefficient of determination (R2) is also reported.