A, Outcomes of initial contrasts between ALS patients and controls in the ‘training group’ highlighting key, disease-associated brain regions at p < 0.05 corrected for age and gender. B, Region-of-interest (ROI) masks created based on the initial comparisons incorporating statistically significant voxels in the left corticospinal tract (red), right corticospinal tract (turquoise), corpus callosum (yellow), left primary motor cortex (turquoise) and right primary motor cortex (gold). – Contrasts and ROI masks are shown for radial diffusivity values (RD), axial diffusivity values (AD), fractional anisotropy values (FA) and grey matter (GM) signal intensity. (For interpretation of the references to color in this figure legend, the reader is referred to the web version of this article.)