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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2017 Jun 22.
Published in final edited form as: Annu Rev Genomics Hum Genet. 2016 May 4;17:353–373. doi: 10.1146/annurev-genom-090314-024956

Figure 6.

Figure 6

Clustering of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) based on phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) comorbidities in a Vanderbilt study. This study used the approach applied in Reference 21 to identify different subpopulations of ASD patients by their comorbidities. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering was performed on all individuals identified as having an ASD. The five identified clusters are represented by the types of codes found in each cluster. For example, cluster 2 identifies 10.2% of patients with an ASD, and nearly all of these individuals had a psychiatric phecode. In cluster 3, 80% of the individuals had a seizure phecode.