Table 2.
Household and target women characteristics
| Household characteristics | Overall | Target women are SHG members or belong to a SHG household | Target women not SHG members or belong to SHG household |
|
N = 2208 GP = 129 Block = 15 |
n = 1709 GP = 129 Block = 15 |
n = 499 GP = 68 Block = 9 |
|
| Number of participants per block, mean (SD) (range)/block | 147 (68) (36–309) |
146 (73) (36–309) |
153 (21) (136–168) |
| Number participants per GP, mean (SD) (range) | 17.1 (10.8) (1–67) |
17 (10.9) (1–67) |
16 (7.6) (10–29) |
| Hindu religion, n (%) | 2046 (92.7) | 1586 (92.3) | 460 (92.2) |
| Scheduled caste/tribe, n (%) | 1172 (53.1) | 945 (55.3) | 227 (45.5) |
| Drinking water source, n (%) | |||
| Pump/tube well | 2013 (91.2) | 1565 (91.6) | 448 (90.0) |
| Open source (well/lake, etc.) | 148 (6.7) | 111 (6.5) | 37 (7.4) |
| Piped (house/yard) | 47 (2.13) | 33 (1.9) | 14 (2.8) |
| Toilet, n (%) | |||
| Flush | 133 (6.02) | 94 (5.5) | 39 (7.8) |
| Pit | 43 (2) | 30 (1.8) | 13 (2.6) |
| Open defecation | 2032 (92.03) | 1585 (92.7) | 447 (89.6) |
| Cooking fuel type, n (%) | |||
| Electricity/LPG/kerosene | 59 (2.7) | 40 (2.3) | 19 (3.8) |
| Wood/dung/shrub | 2149 (97.3) | 1669 (97.7) | 480 (96.2) |
| Source of lighting, n (%) | |||
| Electricity | 572 (25.9) | 434 (25.4) | 138 (27.7) |
| Non-electricity | 1636 (74.1) | 1275 (74.6) | 361 (72.3) |
| Number of hours of power supply, mean (SD) | 7.16 (2.8) | 7.16 (2.8) | 7.17 (2.8) |
| Dwelling type, n (%) | |||
| Thatched (Kuccha) | 822 (37.2) | 653 (38.2) | 169 (33.9) |
| Semi-concrete (semi-Pucca) | 1227 (55.6) | 946 (55.4) | 281 (56.3) |
| Concrete (Pucca) | 159 (7.2) | 110 (6.4) | 49 (9.8) |
| Household size, mean (SD) | 7.2 (2.8) | 7.4 (3.05) | 6.8 (3.02) |
| Nuclear type of family, n (%) | 992 (44.9) | 739 (43.2) | 253 (50.7) |
| Socio-economic positiona, n (%) | |||
| 0 (least poor) | 440 (20) | 315 (18.4) | 125 (25.1) |
| 1 | 443 (20.1) | 355 (20.8) | 88 (17.6) |
| 2 (middle) | 441 (20) | 333 (19.5) | 108 (21.6) |
| 3 | 400 (18.1) | 327 (19.1) | 73 (14.6) |
| 4 (poorest) | 484 (21.9) | 379 (22.2) | 105 (21.04) |
| Women characteristics | N = 2208 | SHG households n = 1709 |
Non-SHG n = 499 |
| Age in years, mean (SD) | 25.6 (4.9) | 25.6 (4.9) | 25.4 (5) |
| Ever attended school, n (%) | 1155 (52.3) | 890 (52.1) | 265 (53.1) |
| Those who attended till 4th, n (%) | |||
| Cannot read or write | 888 (76.1) | 691 (76.2) | 197 (75.8) |
| Can read | 186 (15.9) | 152 (16.8) | 34 (13.1) |
| Can read and write | 93 (8) | 64 (7.1) | 29 (11.2) |
| Age in years started cohabiting with husband, mean (SD) | 17.4 (2.3) | 17.4 (2.3) | 17.5 (2.3) |
| Working (cash/kind), n (%) | 457 (20.7) | 376 (22) | 81 (16.2) |
| Access to communication, n (%) | |||
| Do not read news paper | 1832 (83) | 1430 (83.7) | 402 (80.6) |
| Do not listen to radio | 1754 (79.4) | 1351 (79.1) | 403 (80.8) |
| Do not watch TV | 1384 (62.6) | 1086 (63.6) | 298 (59.7) |
| Access to any one of the above mode of communication | 987 (44.7) | 756 (44.2) | 231 (46.3) |
| Cell phone access, n (%) | |||
| Own phone | 739 (33.5) | 561 (32.8) | 178 (35.5) |
| Husband phone | 948 (42.9) | 752 (44.0) | 196 (39.3) |
| Other’s phone | 309 (14) | 248 (14.5) | 61 (12.2) |
| Do not use | 212 (9.6) | 148 (8.7) | 64 (12.8) |
| Marginalizationa, n (%) | |||
| Least | 827 (37.45) | 608 (35.6) | 219 (439) |
| Some | 901 (40..8) | 713 (41.7) | 188 (37.7) |
| Most | 480 (21.7) | 388 (22.7) | 92 (18.4) |
| Number of live births, median (IQR) | 3 (1, 4) | 3 (1, 4) | 2 (1, 4) |
| Number of living children, median (IQR) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) | 2 (1, 3) |
| At least one still birth, n (%) | 138 (6.25) | 104 (6.1) | 34 (6.8) |
aMarginalization defined as a composite of caste (SC/ST = 1, others = 0), literacy (cannot read and write = 1, only read/both = 0), socio-economic status (0–4 least poor to poorest) (0/2 = 0, 3/4 = 1). Total score ranges from 0 to 3. 3 = most marginalized, 2 = some marginalization, 1 and 0 least marginalized