Table 4.
Newborn care practices followed during last childbirth and their clustering at the block and gram panchayat levels
| Newborn care practices | Home deliveries | Delivery at a health care facility | Overall | ICC (95% CI)a | ICC (95% CI)a gram panchayat |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 701) | (n = 1507) | (n = 2208) | Block (n = 15) | (n = 129) | |
| Cord care, n (%) | |||||
| Sterile thread used for tying cord | 582 (83.0) | – | – | 0.138 (0.047, 0.339) | 0.237 (0.116, 0.423) |
| No application of foreign material on cord | 119 (17.0) | 463 (30.7) | 582 (26.46) | 0.04 (0.013, 0.115) | 0.11 (0.066, 0.18) |
| Breast feeding, n (%) | |||||
| Initiated breast feeding within 1 h of birth | 241 (34.4) | 831 (55.1) | 1072 (48.6) | 0.04 (0.016, 0.092) | 0.05 (0.023, 0.11) |
| Time in hours to initiate breast feeding median (IQR) | 2 (1, 24.3) | 1 (0.5, 3) | 1.08 (0.67, 5) | ||
| Did not discard colostrum | 506 (72.2) | 1330 (88.3) | 1836 (83.15) | 0.025 (0.007, 0.082) | 0.058 (0.026, 0.124) |
| Did not give pre-lacteal feeds | 228 (32.5) | 984 (65.3) | 1212 (54.9) | 0.042 (0.016, 0.11) | 0.115 (0.073, 0.175) |
| Did all three | 126 (18.0) | 634 (42.1) | 760 (34.4) | 0.05 (0.019, 0.112) | 0.076 (0.04, 0.139) |
| Thermal care, n (%) | |||||
| Kept baby warm | 485 (69.2) | 1008 (66.9) | 1493 (67.6) | 0.027 (0.006, 0.098) | 0.102 (0.063, 0.161) |
| Delayed first bath of baby by 48 h | 140 (20.0) | 933 (62.0) | 1073 (48.6) | 0.067 (0.03, 0.144) | 0.074 (0.034, 0.154) |
| Did both | 105 (15.0) | 654 (43.4) | 759 (34.4) | 0.045 (0.016, 0.116) | 0.099 (0.057, 0.165) |
| All 6 good newborn care practicesb n (%) | 7 (1.0) | 109 (6.8) | 109 (4.9) | – | |
aIntracluster correlation coefficient (ICC) from random intercept logistic regression (null/empty model)
bNo application of foreign material, initiation of breast feeding within 1 h of birth, feeding colostrum, no pre-lacteal feed, kept baby warm and delayed bath