Fig. 2.

Effects of formoterol and salmeterol on LPS-induced release of chemokines by monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs) and lung macrophages (LMs). MDMs (left-hand column) and LMs (right-hand column) were incubated with formoterol (○,□) and salmeterol (●,■) for 1 h prior to stimulation with LPS (10 ng.ml⁻¹) for 24 h. The culture supernatants were collected, and the cytokine concentrations were measured using an ELISA. The data represent the mean ± SEM of 5 to 8 independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001 for salmeterol vs. LPS, ^α p < 0.05, ^αα p < 0.01, ^ααα p < 0.001 for formoterol vs. LPS