Fig. 16.

Optical coherence tomography-near-infrared fluorescence (OCT-NIRF) imaging of high-risk coronary plaque. Intracoronary high- speed OCT-NIRF imaging, a catheter-based fully integrated dual-modal imaging, enables an accurate estimation of high-risk plaques. Along with detailed coronary microstructure by OCT, NIRF imaging provides biological readouts of inflammatory high-risk plaque by assaying indocyanine green-enhanced NIRF from macrophages and lipids. With automated rapid correction of distance-dependent NIRF signals, the imaging system enables real-time, quantitative display of synchronized OCT-NIRF images. Co-registered structural – molecular information could offer more comprehensive assessment of high-risk coronary atheroma and stent biology as well. Reprinted from [121], by permission of Oxford University Press.