| Normal Vessel |
Three concentric layers: high/low/high scattering [31] |
| Fibrous Plaque |
Homogenous high scattering [31] |
| Calcific Nodule |
Echolucent, sharp borders, high penetration [31] |
| Lipid Rich (Atheroma) |
Echolucent, diffuse borders, high attenuation [31] |
| Macrophages |
Punctate signal, high standard deviation [32, 33] |
| Cholesterol Crystals |
Very high scattering, linear structures [34, 35] |
| Collagen / Smooth Muscle |
Birefringent [36–38] |
| Acute (Red) Thrombus |
Low birefringence, high attenuation [37, 38] |
| Chronic (White) Thrombus |
High birefringence, low attenuation [37, 38] |
