Table 6.
Laboratory evaluation in subset of participants.
| Children without respiratory symptoms | Pneumonia | Asthma | Bronchiolitis | Upper respiratory infection | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blood cell count | ||||||
| Sample size | 54 | 138 | 54 | 49 | 66 | |
| Hemoglobin (mg/dl), mean (SD) | 10.9 (1.3) | 10.6 (1.3) | 10.8 (1.7) | 10.8 (1.4) | 10.7 (1.4) | 0.79 |
| Number with <11 mg/dL (%) | 26 (49) | 56 (41) | 26 (48) | 19 (39) | 29 (44) | 0.74 |
| Platelets x 103/L, mean (SD) | 420 (136) | 414 (146) | 405 (124) | 460 (130) | 421 (136) | 0.28 |
| White blood cells x 103/L, mean (SD) | 11.9 (5.5) | 11.7 (5.1) | 13.8 (6.7) | 13.0 (6.0) | 13.1 (5.0) | 0.08 |
| Number with >17 × 103/L (%) | 8 (15) | 20 (15) | 13 (24) | 7 (15) | 16 (25) | 0.26 |
| Throat swabs result | ||||||
| Sample size | 32 | 32 | 41 | 46 | 50 | |
| Respiratory virus, n (%) | ||||||
| Any positive virus | 4 (13) | 29 (35) | 18 (44) | 23 (50) | 11 (22) | 0.002 |
| Viral etiology | ||||||
| Respiratory Synctitial Virus | 0 (0) | 12 (18) | 8 (26) | 14 (38) | 4 (9) | <0.001 |
| Adenovirus | 3 (10) | 6 (10) | 6 (21) | 1 (4) | 4 (9) | 0.45 |
| Parainfluenza 1-3 | 0 (0) | 5 (9) | 2 (8) | 5 (18) | 1 (3) | 0.07 |
| Metapneumovirus | 1 (3) | 5 (9) | 1 (4) | 2 (8) | 1 (3) | 0.77 |
| Influenza virus | 0 (0) | 2 (4) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 2 (5) | 0.79 |
| Coronavirus | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (8) | 0 (0) | 0.04 |
| Bacteria and Candida | ||||||
| Any positive | 32 (100) | 79 (96) | 36 (88) | 42 (91) | 50 (100) | 0.03 |
| Microorganism etiology | ||||||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | 18 (56) | 52 (63) | 27 (66) | 30 (65) | 33 (66) | 0.91 |
| Candida albicans | 2 (6) | 6 (7) | 2 (5) | 9 (20) | 7 (14) | 0.11 |
| Haemophilus influenzae | 1 (3) | 6 (7) | 0 (0) | 2 (4) | 2 (4) | 0.45 |
| Moraxella catarrhalis | 1 (3) | 2 (2) | 0 (0) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 0.89 |
| Neisseria meningitidis | 1 (3) | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0.80 |
| Procalcitonin, ng/ml | ||||||
| Sample size | 28 | 113 | 50 | 27 | 41 | |
| Median (IQR) | 0.01 (0.00–0.03) | 0.14 (0.06–0.55) | 0.06 (0.04–0.08) | 0.06 (0.04–0.09) | 0.06 (0.04–0.11) | <0.001 |
| Geometric mean (95% CI) | 0.03 (0.03–0.04) | 0.19 (0.15–0.25) | 0.07 (0.06–0.09) | 0.07 (0.05–0.09) | 0.08 (0.06–0.10) | <0.001 |