Table 1.

Baseline characteristics.

Characteristic	Pre-Intervention (N = 55)	Post-Intervention (N = 214)	P-value
Age Mean, SD	46.4 (19.6)	40.5 (19.8)	0.05
Male N (%)	29 (52.7)	130 (61.9)	0.22
Procedure N (%)	–	–	0.02
Appendix surgery	25 (47.2)	136 (65.1)	–
Colon surgery	19 (35.9)	61 (29.2)	–
Rectal surgery	3 (5.7)	3 (1.4)	–
Small bowel surgery	6 (11.3)	9 (4.3)	–
Laparoscopic N (%)	36 (67.9)	182 (87.5)	0.001