Table 2. Associations between baseline characteristics and spinal radiographic damage over time.

	Total group (n = 80)
	B (95% CI)	p-value
Male gender	8.87 (3.37–14.38)	0.002
Age (yrs)	0.70 (0.41–0.98)	<0.001
Age ≥40 years	9.49 (3.53–15.45)	0.002
Symptom duration (yrs)	0.74 (0.36–1.11)	<0.001
Symptom ≥10 years	12.29 (7.50–17.07)	<0.001
Time since diagnosis (yrs)	0.50 (-0.01–1.01)	0.056
HLA-B27+	0.23 (-7.37–7.82)	0.953
Current smoker	6.16 (-0.05–12.82)	0.070
Smoking duration	0.28 (-0.03–0.58)	0.072
BMI (kg/m2)	1.53 (0.41–2.64)	0.007
BMI ≥25 kg/m2	12.62 (4.85–20.40)	0.001
NSAID use	4.17 (3.30–11.63)	0.274
DMARD use	-2.38 (-9.70–4.95)	0.525
First TNF-α inhibitor†	-2.70 (-9.65–4.26)	0.447
BASDAI (0–10)	-0.59 (-2.17–0.98)	0.461
ASDASCRP	1.91 (-2.30–6.11)	0.375
Patient’s GDA (0–10)	-0.33 (-1.59–0.94)	0.610
CRP (mg/L)	0.08 (-0.14–0.30)	0.456
BASFI (0–10)	0.85 (-0.44–2.14)	0.197
mSASSS	1.11 (1.05–1.17)	<0.001
≥1 syndesmophyte	18.33 (13.57–23.10)	<0.001

See Table 1 for abbreviations.

^†Etanercept vs. infliximab/adalimumab