Table 4.
Summary of significant features in So-Yang type
| Main scale | Features |
|---|---|
| MBTI | |
| Preference index | E–I: 37.5:62.5, S–N: 50.0:50.0, T–F: 78.1:21.9, J–P: 53.1:46.9 (Choi et al., 2000)8 E–I: 56.0:44.0, S–N: 56.0:44.0, T–F: 68.0:56.0, J–P: 32.0:68.0 (Chae et al., 2001)9 E–I: 64.6:35.4, S–N: 60.4:39.6, T–F: 58.3:41.7, J–P: 18.8:81.2 (Park, 2003)10 E–I: 55.4:44.6, S–N: 55.4:44.6, T–F: 50.0:50.0, J–P: 25.0:75.0 (Lee, 2004)11 E–I: 65.6:34.4, S–N: 71.9:28.1, T–F: 40.6:59.4, J–P: 37.5:62.5 (Choi and Shin, 2007)6 E–I: 64.7:35.3, S–N: 61.8:38.2, T–F: 44.1:55.9, J–P: 44.1:55.9 (Song et al., 2009)12 |
| Dominant function | S (25.0), T (21.9), N (40.6), F (12.5) (Choi et al., 2000)8 S (20.0), T (48.0), N (20.0), F (12.0) (Chae et al., 2001)9 |
| Character type | ISTJ (15.6), ESTJ (15.6) (Choi et al., 2000)8, ESTJ (16.0) (Chae et al., 2001)9, ISTJ (14.3) (Lee, 2004)11, ESFP (—) (Choi and Shin, 2007)6, ENFP (17.7) (Song et al., 2009)12 |
| TCI | |
| Temperament | NS: SE < SY (p = 0.052) (Seo et al., 2009)29 NS: SE < SY, TE; HA: SE > TE > SY; P: SE < SY, TE (Choi, 2010)13 NS: SY > SE; HA: SE > SY; RD: SY > SE > TE (Lee, 2010)14 NS: SY > TE, SE; RD: SY > SE > TE (Sung et al., 2011)15 NS: SY > SE; HA: SE > TE > SY; RD: SY > SE (Sung et al., 2012)16 NS: SY > SE; HA: SE > TE, SY; RD: SY > SE (Jung et al., 2012)17 NS: SE < SY, TE; HA: SE > TE, SY; RD: SY, TE > SE; P: SY, TE > SE (Kang, 2014)18 |
| Character | SD: SY > TE > SE; C: SY > TE (Choi, 2010)13 SD: SY > TE, SE (Lee, 2010)14; SD: SY > TE, SE (Sung et al., 2011)15 P: SE < TE, SY (Sung et al., 2012)16; ST: SY > TE (Kang, 2014)18 |
| MMPI | 2, 7, 0: SE, TE > SY (Kim et al., 1994)19 2: SE, TE > SY; 9: SY, TY > SE; 0: SE > SY, TE; INTR: SE > SY, TE (Lee et al., 2011)20 2: SE > SY; 9: SY > SE; 0: SE > TE, SY; INTR: SE > SY (Jung et al., 2012)17 |
| NEO-PI-R | N: SE > SY; E: TE, SY > SE (Park and Lee, 2000)21; N: SE > TE, SY; E: SE < TE, SY (Jung et al., 2012)17 |
| K-EPQ | E: SE < TE, SY; L: SE > SY; Imp: SY > TE, SE (Sung et al., 2012)16 E: SE < TE, SY; Imp: SY > SE (Kang, 2014)18 |
| SCL-90-R | I-S & O-C: SE > SY (Min et al., 2001)30 SOM: SY > SE, TE; HOS: SY > TE, SE (Chae et al., 2010)22 DEP: SE > TE, SY; ANX: SY > SE, TE (Jeon, 2012)7 |
| Other scales | A-O: SY > SE, TE; AVD & R-F: SE > SY, TE; SUP: SY, TE > SY; HUR: SY, TE > SE—EDMT (Kim, 2000)23; rational: SE > SY; intuitive: SY > SE–ACDM (Choi et al., 2008)25; adaptation oriented: SY (37.2%)–KEPTI (Heo and Youn, 2014)27; positive emotion: SY > SE—PANAS (Kim et al., 2014)28; ASE: TE > SY, PSE > SE, TE > SY; BSE: TE > SY—PSE; SE: NS (Na et al., 2005)34. |
A1, trust; A3, altruism; ACDM, Assessment of Career Decision Making Scale; ANX, anxiety; A-O, acting out; ASE, anxiety for self-expression; AVD, avoidance; BSE, body self-expression; C2, orderliness; C4, need for achievement; DEP, depression; E, extraversion; EDMT, Ehwa Defense Mechanisms Test; E–I, extraversion–introversion; HA, harm avoidance; HOS, hostility; HUR, humor; Imp, impulsiveness; I-S, interpersonal sensitivity; J–P, judging–perceiving; KEPTI, Korean Enneagram Type Indicator; K-EPQ, Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (Korean version); L (K-EPQ), lie; MBTI, Mayers and Briggs Type Indicator; MMPI, Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory; NEO-PI-R, Revised NEO-Personality Inventory; NS, novelty seeking; O-C, obsessive compulsive; P, perseverance; PANAS, Positive and Negative Affect Schedule; PSE, physical self-expression; RD, reward dependence; R-F, reaction formation; SCL-90-R, Symptom Checklist-90—Revised; SD, self-directedness; SE, self-esteem; S–N, sensation–intuition; SOM, somatization; SUP, suppression; SY, So-Yang type; TCI, Temperament and Character Inventory; TE, Tae-Eum type; T–F, thinking–feeling; TY, Tae-Yang type.