Table 2.
Level and volume of the primary Modic change at baseline and follow-up and the change in the volume according to treatment group
| Volume of the primary Modic changea | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) change | Age-adjusted analyses | Adjusted analyses | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ZA n = 19 | Placebo n = 20 | ZA | Placebo | Pb | Difference (95% CI) | Pc | Difference (95% CI) | Pd | |
| Levela, n (%) | |||||||||
| L2/3 | 4 (21.1) | 0 (0.0) | |||||||
| L3/4 | 2 (10.5) | 5 (25.0) | |||||||
| L4/5 | 6 (31.6) | 5 (25.0) | |||||||
| L5/S1 | 7 (36.8) | 10 (50.0) | |||||||
| Volume of M1a (cm3) | |||||||||
| Baseline | 7.37 (4.58) | 5.04 (3.55) | |||||||
| Follow-up | 6.54 (5.38) | 5.95 (4.46) | -0.83 (4.44) | 0.91 (4.02) | 0.21 | −1.79 (−4.58, 1.00) | 0.20 | −1.92 (−5.03, 1.19) | 0.22 |
| Volume of M2a (cm3) | |||||||||
| Baseline | 4.53 (4.00) | 5.87 (4.84) | |||||||
| Follow-up | 6.94 (4.57) | 7.84 (6.78) | 2.40 (2.95) | 1.97 (4.20) | 0.71 | 0.34 (−2.07, 2.74) | 0.78 | 0.232 (−2.44, 2.90) | 0.86 |
| Total volumea (cm3) | |||||||||
| Baseline | 11.90 (5.27) | 10.91 (5.96) | |||||||
| Follow-up | 13.48 (5.55) | 13.79 (6.64) | 1.58 (2.24) | 2.88 (3.92) | 0.21 | −1.45 (−3.55, 0.64) | 0.17 | −1.69 (−4.14, 0.76) | 0.17 |
SD standard deviation, CI confidence interval, ZA zoledronic acid
aThe primary Modic change was assumed to cause patients’ symptoms at baseline
bChange in the volume compared between the treatment groups, significance from the independent samples t-test
cAnalysis of covariance for change in the volume compared between the treatment groups, adjusted for age
dAnalysis of covariance for change in the volume compared between the treatment groups, adjusted for age, sex, Body Mass Index, and smoking