Table 4.
Multivariate analysis on factors associated with prevalence of impaired fasting blood glucose and diabetes
| Characteristics |
Impaired fasting blood glucose |
Diabetes |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
OR (95% CI)* |
OR (95% CI)† |
OR (95% CI)* |
OR (95% CI)† |
|
|
Age group: | ||||
| 18 – 44 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| 45 – 59 |
2.76 (1.68–4.53) |
2.51 (1.51–4.17) |
3.48 (1.46–8.33) |
2.78 (1.14–6.78) |
| ≥60 |
4.72 (2.22–10.03) |
4.17 (1.94–8.96) |
4.15 (2.39–7.20) |
3.54 (2.01–6.25) |
|
Gender: | ||||
| Male |
1.62 (1.02–2.57) |
1.56 (0.93–2.65) |
1.32 (0.78–2.24) |
1.30 (0.72–2.37) |
| Female |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Registration: | ||||
| Locals |
0.98 (0.58–1.65) |
0.92(0.52–1.65) |
0.91(0.51,1.62) |
0.92(0.52,1.65) |
| Migrants |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Marital status: | ||||
| Never in union |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Married or living with partner |
2.07 (0.49–8.74) |
1.97 (0.46–8.41) |
3.21 (0.27–38.46) |
2.97 (0.25–35.91) |
| Widowed, divorced or separated |
1.22 (0.46–3.20) |
1.16 (0.44–3.06) |
3.98 (0.53–29.77) |
3.62 (0.48–27.25) |
|
Education: | ||||
| Primary school and below |
2.11 (0.80–5.55) |
2.01 (0.76–5.31) |
1.23 (0.44–3.48) |
1.13 (0.40–3.22) |
| Middle school |
2.25 (0.95–5.36) |
2.19 (0.92–5.20) |
1.10 (0.42–2.84) |
1.02 (0.40–2.64) |
| High school and equivalent |
2.02 (0.87–4.70) |
1.96 (0.85–4.57) |
1.36 (0.54–3.41) |
1.29 (0.52–3.25) |
| 3–year college and above |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
|
Occupation: | ||||
| Manual workers |
1.39 (0.60–3.18) |
1.39 (0.61–3.21) |
0.95 (0.37–2.46) |
0.97 (0.38–2.51) |
| Sales and services |
1.04 (0.42–2.54) |
1.06 (0.43–2.62) |
0.88 (0.32–2.40) |
0.91 (0.33–2.49) |
| Professional, technical and managerial |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Clerical |
1.07 (0.38–3.02) |
1.05 (0.37–2.97) |
0.50 (0.13–1.99) |
0.49 (0.12–1.95) |
| Other workers |
0.70 (0.27–1.81) |
0.71 (0.27–1.84) |
0.85 (0.31–2.36) |
0.88 (0.32–2.44) |
| Not working |
1.05 (0.44, 2.49) |
1.06 (0.45–2.54) |
1.22 (0.48–3.09) |
1.25 (0.49–3.19) |
|
Household income: | ||||
| Low |
0.89 (0.47–1.68) |
0.88 (0.47–1.67) |
1.46 (0.69–3.08) |
1.44 (0.68–3.04) |
| Middle |
1.05 (0.46–2.40) |
1.07 (0.47–2.44) |
1.45 (0.56–3.75) |
1.51 (0.58–3.93) |
| High |
1 |
1 |
1 |
1 |
| Rejected |
1.33 (0.59–3.00) |
1.38 (0.61–3.13) |
0.88 (0.28–2.70) |
0.93 (0.30–2.88) |
| Do not know |
1.01 (0.51–1.97) |
0.98 (0.50–1.93) |
1.25 (0.56–2.76) |
1.20 (0.54–2.66) |
|
Hypertension: | ||||
| Yes |
– |
1.48 (0.91–2.40) |
– |
1.93 (1.15–3.22) |
| No |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
|
BMI: | ||||
| Underweight/normal weight |
– |
1 |
– |
1 |
| Overweight/obese |
– |
1.25 (0.81–1.93) |
– |
1.49 (0.91–2.43) |
|
Current smoking: | ||||
| Yes |
– |
0.99 (0.57–1.73) |
– |
0.89 (0.46–1.73) |
| No | – | 1 | – | 1 |
OR – odds ratio, CI – confidence interval, BMI – body mass index
*Model adjusted for age, gender, marital status, registration, education, occupation and monthly household income.
†Model adjusted for age, gender, marital status, registration, education, occupation, monthly household income, hypertension, BMI and smoking status.