A, Within-session schematic for Experiment 3, in which PL pyramidal neurons were optically silenced during 30 min extinction sessions. As in the experiment shown in Figure 2, illumination was provided for 20 s after each unreinforced lever press during the five shortened extinction sessions after cocaine self-administration. B, PL inhibition decreased within-session lever pressing during the shortened extinction sessions (left), but had no effect on the retention of extinction learning as assessed by the full-length extinction sessions (right). *p < 0.01 for sham versus laser. C, PL optical inhibition during extinction had no effect on the subsequent reinstatement of cocaine seeking. *p < 0.01 relative to extinction baseline.