. 2017 Jun 23;36:28. doi: 10.1186/s40101-017-0144-8

Table 1.

Pre- and post-immersion maximal force and post-immersion amplitude of electromyography in each muscle relative to the pre-immersion maximal voluntary contraction

Water temperature condition (°C)	23	26	34
Pre-immersion maximal force (kg)	53.0 (2.7)	53.8 (2.5)	53.9 (2.7)
Post-immersion maximal force (kg)	48.8 (2.9)^{b, c}	52.7 (2.9)^a	52.7 (3.4)^a
Post-immersion %MVC in the RF (%)	98.8 (5.6)^b	116.6 (4.6)^{a, c}	94.3 (7.5)^b
Post-immersion %MVC in the VL (%)	102.3 (6.5)	116.2 (6.6)	98.5 (7.0)

Values are mean (SE). The a, b, and c represent the significant difference compared to 23, 26, and 34 °C, respectively (P < 0.05). The RF and VL are the abbreviations of the rectus femoris and the vastus lateralis, respectively

%MVC percentages of maximum voluntary contraction