Figure 2. Somatic mutations are detected in 5 patients and in 1 healthy control.

(a) Somatic mutations were discovered in newly diagnosed RA patients and in one healthy (HC) by using the immunogene panel (presented on the left side), and exome sequencing (presented on the right side of the figure). Proliferation-associated and immune-related genes are highlighted with different colours. Percentages below the gene names denote the VAFs in CD8+ cells (immunogene panel) or expanded Vβ cells (exome). (b) The frequency of non-synonymous coding, nonsense-, frameshift-, and splice-site mutations shown as percentage of all identified mutations. Silent mutations were excluded from the bioinformatics analysis.