Figure 6.

Effects of Bruton's tyrosine kinase on the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways following THS. The expression of (A) p-ERK, (B) p-JNK and (C) p-p38 was determined by western blotting (n=5 rats/group). Representative protein bands are included. Data are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation, **P<0.01 vs. Sham group; ^#P<0.05, ^##P<0.01 vs. THS group. ERK, extracellular-signal regulated kinase; JNK, c-Jun N-terminal kinase; LFM-A13, a Bruton's tyrosine kinase inhibitor; p, phosphorylated; THS, trauma-hemorrhagic shock.