Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of associations between sociodemographic factors, HIV infection characteristics and metabolic variables and radiographic hand OA in the METAFIB-OA study population
| Variable | HOA diagnosis
|
Univariate analysis
|
Multivariate analysis
|
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| HOA+ (n=167) |
HOA− (n=134) |
p Value | OR | 95% CI | p Value | OR | 95% CI | p Value | |
|
| |||||||||
| Sociodemographic variables | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 55.1 (5.0) | 51.4 (4.3) | 10−5 | 1.18 | 1.12 to 1.25 | 10−5 | 1.18 | 1.11 to 1.25 | 10−5 |
|
| |||||||||
| Male gender, n (%) | 148 | 117 | 0.5 | 0.88 | 0.44 to 1.78 | 0.5 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Previous hand trauma, n (%) | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| HIV characteristics | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Duration of HIV infection (years), mean (SD) | 18.0 (7.4) | 17.3 (7.1) | 0.5 | 1.01 | 0.98 to 1.04 | 0.5 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| CD4 level (/mm3), mean (SD) | 600 (251) | 652 (281) | 0.1 | 0.99 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.1 | 0.99 | 0.99 to 1.00 | 0.2 |
|
| |||||||||
| Undectable hsHIV viral load, n (%) (n=290) | 87/161 (29.0) | 85/129 (28.2) | 0.03 | 1.64 | 1.02 to 2.65 | 0.05 | 1.37 | 0.80 to 2.34 | 0.3 |
|
| |||||||||
| Duration of exposure to protease inhibitors (months), mean (SD) | 27.5 (32.6) | 26.6 (31.8) | 0.7 | 1.00 | 0.99 to 1.01 | 0.8 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Metabolic variables | |||||||||
|
| |||||||||
| Waist circumference (cm), mean (SD) | 92.8 (10.5) | 92.0 (11.2) | 0.4 | 1.01 | 0.99 to 1.03 | 0.6 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Obesity (BMI≥30), n (%) | 14 (4.7) | 18 (6.0) | 0.1 | 0.98 | 0.94 to 1.02 | 0.3 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Hypertension, n (%) | 35 | 21 | 0.2 | 1.43 | 0.79 to 2.59 | 0.3 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Triglycerides (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 2.14 (2.36) | 1.72 (1.1) | 0.07 | 1.19 | 0.99 to 1.43 | 0.07 | 1.06 | 0.9 to 1.25 | 0.5 |
|
| |||||||||
| HDL-chol (mmol/L), mean (SD) | 1.2 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.4) | 0.7 | 0.93 | 0.51 to 1.70 | 0.8 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| HOMA-IR score, mean (SD) (n=297) | 2.48 (2.78) | 2.36 (2.81) | 0.06 | 1.02 | 0.93 to 1.10 | 0.7 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| Diabetes, n (%) | 36 (%) | 29 (%) | 0.6 | 0.99 | 0.57 to 1.73 | 0.9 | – | ||
|
| |||||||||
| MetS, n (%) | 98 (32.6) | 54 (%) | 10−3 | 2.10 | 1.32 to 3.34 | 0.002 | 2.18 | 1.26 to 3.96 | 0.005 |
Radiographic hand OA definition was presence of ≥1 affected joint with a Kellgren–Lawrence score ≥2. Hypertension was defined as systolic pressure ≥140 mm Hg and/or diastolic pressure ≥90 mm Hg. Diabetes was defined as glycaemia >7 mmol/L.
BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; HOA−, hand OA absence; HOA+, hand OA presence; HOMA-IR score, Homeostasis Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance; METAFIB, Metabolic Syndrome and Fibrosis; MetS, metabolic syndrome; OA, osteoarthritis.