Table 1. Clinical features in 37 patients who underwent probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy during double-balloon enteroscopy.

Patient number	Final diagnosis	Sex	Age, years	DBE route	Location of the lesions examined	Indications
Small-bowel tumors/polyps
1	Malignant lymphoma (mantle cell lymphoma)	M	82	Oral	Jejunum	Asymptomatic (Check-up)
2	Malignant lymphoma (follicular lymphoma)	F	65	Anal	Ileum	Occult small-bowel bleeding
3	Malignant lymphoma (follicular lymphoma)	F	56	Anal	Ileum	Asymptomatic (Check-up)
4	Malignant lymphoma (DLBCL transformed from follicular lymphoma)	F	57	Oral	Jejunum	Abdominal pain
5	Malignant lymphoma (DLBCL transformed from follicular lymphoma)	F	55	Anal	Ileum	Diarrhea
6	Malignant lymphoma (DLBCL)	M	78	Anal	Ileum	Occult small-bowel bleeding
7	Malignant lymphoma (Burkitt lymphoma) 1	F	66	Oral	Jejunum	Small-bowel obstruction
8	Adenocarcinoma at an advanced stage	M	41	Oral	Jejunum	Small-bowel obstruction
9	Metastasis from cervical cancer	F	62	Oral	Ligament of Treitz	Small-bowel obstruction
10	Peutz-Jeghers syndrome	F	52	Oral	Jejunum	Asymptomatic (Follow-up)
Vascular diseases
11	Hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia	M	73	Anal	Ileum	Occult small-bowel bleeding
12	Angiodysplasia	F	74	Oral	Jejunum	Occult small-bowel bleeding
13	IgA vasculitis	M	70	Oral	Jejunum	Overt small-bowel bleeding and abdominal pain
14	Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis	M	55	Anal	Ileum	Diarrhea
15	Ischemic stricturing enteritis	F	80	Anal	Ileum	Overt small-bowel bleeding and small-bowel obstruction
16	Ischemic stricturing enteritis	F	64	Oral	Jejunum	Small-bowel obstruction
Inflammatory diseases
17	Crohn’s disease	M	22	Oral	Jejunum	Small-bowel obstruction
18	Crohn’s disease	F	51	Oral	Ileum	Small-bowel obstruction
19	Crohn’s disease	M	31	Anal	Ileum	Small-bowel obstruction
20	Chronic non-specific multiple ulcers unrelated to NSAIDs	F	55	Oral	Ileum	Small-bowel obstruction
21	Chronic non-specific multiple ulcers unrelated to NSAIDs	F	39	Oral	Ileum	Small-bowel obstruction
22	Chronic non-specific multiple ulcers unrelated to NSAIDs	F	48	Oral	Jejunum	Occult small-bowel bleeding
23	Chronic non-specific multiple ulcers unrelated to NSAIDs	F	42	Oral	Jejunum	Protein-losing enteropathy
24	Chronic non-specific multiple ulcers unrelated to NSAIDs	F	39	Anal	Ileum	Protein-losing enteropathy
25	Hypogammaglobulinemia-associated atrophic enteritis with malabsorption syndrome	M	50	Oral	Jejunum	Diarrhea
Iatrogenic diseases
26	Aspirin-induced small-intestinal injury	F	73	Anal	Ileum	Occult small-bowel bleeding
27	Diclofenac-induced small-intestinal injury	M	53	Oral	Duodenum-jejunum	Overt small-bowel bleeding
28	Loxoprofen-induced small-intestinal injury	F	88	Oral	Jejunum	Small-bowel obstruction
29	Clonazepam-induced small-intestinal injury with protein-losing enteropathy	F	54	Oral	Jejunum	Diarrhea
Other small-bowel diseases
30	Intestinal lymphangiectasia with protein-losing enteropathy	F	42	Anal	Ileum	Protein-losing enteropathy
31	Intestinal lymphangiectasia with protein-losing enteropathy	M	66	Oral	Jejunum	Protein-losing enteropathy
32	Intestinal lymphangiectasia with protein-losing enteropathy	M	71	Oral	Jejunum	Protein-losing enteropathy
33	Meckel’s diverticulum	M	27	Anal	Ileum	Overt small-bowel bleeding
Normal small bowel
34	Colonic diverticular hemorrhage	M	71	Oral	Jejunum	Overt small-bowel bleeding
35	Suspected Crohn’s disease	M	26	Anal	Ileum	Right lower quadrant pain
36	Hypogammaglobulinemia	M	36	Oral	Jejunum	Occult small-bowel bleeding
37	Abdominal pain	M	36	Oral	Jejunum	Abdominal pain

DBE, double-balloon enteroscopy; DLBCL, diffuse large B cell lymphoma; NSAID, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug.

¹Complete remission by chemotherapy and complicated by cytomegalovirus infection-associated small-intestinal ulcers.