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. 2017 Jun 23;7:4202. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04097-7

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Total Smad expression, Smad activation and EMT program marker expression varies with TGFβ or inhibitor treatment. A549 and PC9 cells were plated, treated and harvested as described. Proteins were visualized by western blotting. α-tubulin levels are representative controls. (a) Profiling of Smad family member expression and activation across time demonstrates changes in TGFβ canonical signalling. (b) EMT protein markers demonstrate program initiation and progression among treatment conditions. (c) A549 cells treated for 24 hours for E-cadherin and Vimentin expression by immunofluorescence (d) A549 cells treated for 7 days for E-cadherin and Vimentin expression by immunofluorescence (e) PC9 cells treated for 24 hours for E-cadherin and Vimentin expression by immunofluorescence (f) PC9 cells treated for 7 days for E-cadherin and Vimentin expression by immunofluorescence.