Table 4.
Asymmetry of overall wing size for males raised at 23°C Same as in Table 1 for Drosophila subobscura flies reared at 23°C
| Inbred | Outbred | ||||||
| Source of variation | Variance component | d.f | Mean Square | Estimated variance | d.f. | Mean Square | Estimated variance |
| Individuals (I) | 107 | 44.690*** | 10.9045 | 215 | 28.772*** | 6.8138 | |
| Karyotypes (K) |
 (CS) |
2 | 41.926n.s. | -0.6021 | 5 | 112.284n.s. | 0.3480 |
| Cross ⊂ K |
 (CS) |
15 | 128.628*** | 4.0778 | 30 | 62.165*** | 1.7199 |
| Among flies |
 (CS) |
90 | 30.762*** | 7.4224 | 180 | 20.887*** | 4.8425 |
| Sides (S) | 1 | 36.691*** | 1 | 13.586** | |||
| I × S |
 (CS) |
107 | 1.072*** | 0.3553 | 215 | 1.517*** | 0.6465 |
| Karyotypes (K) |
(CS) |
2 | 2.596n.s. | 0.0366 | 5 | 0.862n.s. | -0.0110 |
| Cross ⊂ K |
(DACS) |
15 | 1.277n.s. | 0.0454 | 30 | 1.259n.s. | -0.0532 |
| Within flies |
(DACS) |
90 | 1.004*** | 0.3213 | 180 | 1.578*** | 0.6771 |
| Measurement error |
 (CS) |
216 | 0.361 | 0.3615 | 432 | 0.224 | 0.2240 |
Average CS for left (L) and right (R) wings: inbred males 
= 0.8112, 
= 0.8072 ; outbred males = 0.8277, = 0.8260.
n.s. P > 0.10; ** P < 0.01; *** P < 0.001.