Table 7.

Asymmetry of overall wing shape for females raised at 23°C Same as in Table 5 for Drosophila subobscura flies reared at 23°C.

	Inbred (98.3%)				Outbred
Source of variation	Wilks' lambda	df 1	df 2	P	Wilks' lambda	df 1	df 2	P
Individuals (I)	1.07 × 10-12	1605	1464	<0.001	1.08 × 10-13	4730	4442	<0.001
Karyotypes (K)	2.18 × 10-4	30	2	0.200	0.001	110	48	0.146
Cross ⊂ K	3.31 × 10-4	225	843	<0.001	1.81 × 10-4	660	2932	<0.001
Among flies	2.32 × 10-9	1350	1457	<0.001	1.54 × 10-10	3960	4430	<0.001
Sides (S)	0.450	15	93	<0.001	0.585	22	194	<0.001
I × S	2.57 × 10-9	1605	3083	<0.001	3.21 × 10-13	4730	9192	<0.001
Karyotypes (K)	0.007	30	2	0.725	0.006	110	48	0.842
Cross ⊂ K	0.055	225	843	0.062	0.034	660	2932	0.889
Within flies	1.95 × 10-8	1350	3070	<0.001	3.54 × 10-12	3960	9169	<0.001