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. 2017 Jun 1;144(11):1966–1975. doi: 10.1242/dev.146399

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© 2017. Published by The Company of Biologists Ltd

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Fig. 3. — Overexpression of miR172 promotes wild traits in spikes and an increased number of florets. (A,B) Expression levels estimated by qRT-PCR of mature miR172 (A) and AP2-5 combined homoeologs (B). Expression levels were normalized to Kronos (n=4). (C) Spikelets per cm in the primary spike of Kronos and the different transgenic plants 3 weeks after heading (n=10). (D) Primary spikes of wild-type Kronos and four independent Ubi::miR172 transgenic lines showing spikelets with higher numbers of florets (3 weeks after heading). Arrows indicate rudimentary spikelets at the base of the spikes. Scale bar: 1 cm. (E) (Left) Threshed spikes from Kronos and Ubi::miR172#18 line. (Right) Threshability (n=8). (F) Number of florets per spikelets in the primary spike (n=10). All bars represent mean±s.e.m. and asterisks indicate statistically significant difference to the wild-type control (*P<0.05, **P<0.01, ***P<0.001) by Dunnett's test.