Rescue of mouse ATN by Ngal. (A) Holo-Ngal (100 μg) was injected into the peritoneum 15 minutes before renal pedicle cross-clamp and 30 minutes of ischemia. Kidneys were harvested after 24 hours of reperfusion for H&E staining. The ischemic kidneys (ATN) demonstrated loss of tubular nuclei (ATN, bottom) as well as the presence of cortical and medullary intratubular casts (ATN, middle). In contrast, Ngal pretreatment resulted in preservation of cortical tubules (ATN+Ngal, bottom) and reduced cortical-medullary casts (ATN+Ngal, middle). (B) PAS staining highlighted the luminal casts in the ischemic kidney (ATN) as well as the rescue of cortical tubules by pretreatment with Ngal (ATN+Ngal). (C) Area of proximal convoluted tubular necrosis was evaluated by the Jablonski scale, which demonstrated rescue of the ischemic cortex by Ngal (0: no necrosis; 1: isolated necrotic cells; 2: focal necrosis in inner cortex; 3: diffuse necrosis in inner cortex; 4: necrosis involving whole cortex). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 vs. untreated ischemic kidneys. Scale bars: A, top row, 800 μm; middle row, 24 μm; bottom row, 11 μm; B, top row, 800 μm; bottom row, 24 μm.