Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Parameters | Total (n=645) | Men (n=378) | Women (n=267) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 56.7 (14.5) | 55.5 (14.3) | 58.5 (14.5) | 0.01 |
| Black, % | 61.5 | 59.0 | 65.2 | 0.11 |
| Diabetes, % | 43.9 | 39.4 | 50.2 | 0.01 |
| CAD, % | 8.8 | 10.3 | 6.7 | 0.11 |
| CHF, % | 18.8 | 19.6 | 17.6 | 0.53 |
| Dialysis vintage, years | 2.8 (1.3–5.4) | 2.6 (1.2–5.2) | 2.9 (1.4–5.9) | 0.20 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 28.1 (6.9) | 27.4 (6.4) | 29.2 (7.6) | 0.001 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.9 (0.3) | 1.9 (0.2) | 1.8 (0.2) | <0.001 |
| Body fat, % | 29.9 (10.2) | 25.5 (9.2) | 36.1 (8.2) | <0.001 |
| Total muscle mass (kg) | 26.6 (6.5) | 29.0 (6.0) | 23.1 (5.6) | <0.001 |
| Handgrip strength, kg | 26.4 (10.6) | 31.5 (10.2) | 19.2 (5.9) | <0.001 |
| Gait speed, m/s | 0.9 (0.3) | 1.0 (0.3) | 0.9 (0.3) | <0.001 |
| Serum creatinine, mg/dl | 8.4 (2.7) | 8.9 (2.9) | 7.6 (2.3) | <0.001 |
| Serum albumin, g/dl | 4.0 (0.4) | 4.0 (0.4) | 4.0 (0.3) | 0.08 |
| Serum prealbumin, g/dl | 29.9 (7.3) | 30.2 (7.7) | 29.4 (6.6) | 0.14 |
| Prevalence of low muscle mass* by each indexing method, % | ||||
| Muscle mass/height2 | 8.1 | 12.2 | 2.3 | <0.001 |
| Muscle mass/BW (*100) | 25.3 | 27.8 | 21.7 | 0.08 |
| Muscle mass/BSA | 32.4 | 37.3 | 25.5 | 0.002 |
| Muscle mass/BMI | 25.0 | 24.9 | 25.1 | 0.95 |
| Prevalence of low muscle strength**, % (n) | 29.9 | 30.6 | 28.8 | 0.63 |
| Prevalence of slow gait speed† ,% (n) | 34.5 | 24.7 | 48.3 | <0.001 |
BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; BW, body weight; CAD, coronary artery disease; CHF, congestive heart failure
Data are presented as mean (SD) and median (25th to 75th).
p<0.05 consider significantly different between men and women
*
Presence of low muscle mass defined as muscle mass ≥2SDs below normal mean of young adults. The mean-2SD values for men and women are 7.89 and 6.05 kg/m2 for muscle mass/height2, 32.68 and 27.85 % for muscle mass/body weight (%), 14.31 and 11.64 kg/m2 for muscle mass/BSA, 0.97 and 0.72 m2 for muscle mass/BMI, respectively.
**
Defined as handgrip strength <26 and <16 kg in men and women, respectively.
†
Defined as gait speed ≤ 0.8 m/s.