Table 3.

Association analysis of sarcopenia and death

Methods	Unadjusted		Model 1		Model 2		Model 3
	HR (95%CI)	p	HR (95%CI)	p	HR (95%CI)	p	HR (95%CI)	p
Low muscle mass by each criteria and low grip strength
Low muscle mass by Height2	4.23 (2.11–8.49)	0.001	2.61 (1.18–5.73)	0.02	2.83 (1.27–6.33)	0.01	2.23 (0.99–5.00)	0.05
+ weakness	C = 0.55		C = 0.64		C = 0.65		C = 0.73
Low muscle mass by BW	2.51 (1.46–4.31)	0.001	1.60 (0.82–3.10)	0.17	1.59 (0.82–3.07)	0.17	1.24 (0.63–2.43)	0.54
+ weakness	C = 0.56		C = 0.63		C = 0.64		C = 0.72
Low muscle mass by BSA	2.58 (1.58–4.20)	0.001	1.77 (0.97–3.22)	0.06	1.83 (1.00–3.33)	0.05	1.53 (0.84–2.78)	0.16
+ weakness	C = 0.58		C = 0.64		C = 0.65		C = 0.73
Low muscle mass by BMI	2.46 (1.48–4.09)	0.001	1.69 (0.91–3.14)	0.10	1.72 (0.92–3.20)	0.09	1.65 (0.88–3.08)	0.12
+ weakness	C = 0.56		C = 0.62		C = 0.64		C = 0.72
Low muscle mass by each criteria and slow gait speed
Low muscle mass by Height2	4.86 (2.42–9.76)	0.001	3.23 (1.52–6.85)	0.002	3.31 (1.54–7.12)	0.002	2.92 (1.33–6.41)	0.01
+ slowness	C = 0.56		C = 0.64		C = 0.65		C = 0.73
Low muscle mass by BW	2.67 (1.61–4.40)	0.001	1.94 (1.09–3.45)	0.03	1.85 (1.03–3.31)	0.04	1.56 (0.85–2.83)	0.15
+ slowness	C = 0.57		C = 0.64		C = 0.64		C = 0.72
Low muscle mass by BSA	2.63 (1.59–4.33)	0.001	1.84 (1.04–3.27)	0.04	1.79 (1.01–3.17)	0.04	1.46 (0.83–2.58)	0.19
+ slowness	C = 0.58		C = 0.64		C = 0.64		C = 0.73
Low muscle mass by BMI	3.35 (2.05–5.45)	0.001	2.62 (1.48–4.66)	0.001	2.55 (1.43–4.54)	0.002	2.51 (1.41–4.66)	0.002
+ slowness	C = 0.58		C = 0.64		C = 0.64		C = 0.73

BW, body weight; BMI, body mass index; BSA, body surface area; C, C-statistic; HR, hazard ratio; 95% CI, 95% confidence interval.

Model 1: Adjusted for age, sex, and race; Model 2: Adjusted for age, sex, race, and comorbidities (diabetes mellitus, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease); Model 3: Further adjusted for serum albumin.