Figure 7. Estimated loss of temporal degrees of freedom for each pipeline evaluated.

Bars indicate mean number of additional regressors per confound model; error bars indicate standard deviation for models where the number of confound regressors varies by subject. High-parameter models and framewise censoring performed well overall on other benchmarks, but were also costliest in terms of temporal degrees of freedom. Despite this cost, augmenting a high-parameter model with censoring improved signal detection (see Figure 5), suggesting that the lost degrees of freedom corresponded largely to noise. Because the 36P+despike model censors data in a spatially adaptive manner, the DOF loss in this case varied by voxel, and is not displayed.