Table 4.

Association between potential risk factors and high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infections.

Variable	Total n	Prevalent hrHPV			Persistent hrHPV
		n (%)	OR (95% CI)	p-Value	n (%)	OR (95% CI)	p-Value
Age, years
<30	19	6 (31)	0.59 (0.14–2.17)	0.55	4 (21)	0.64 (0.12–2.77)	0.74
30 to <45	141	55 (39)	0.81 (0.33–1.87)	0.72	46 (32)	1.16 (0.48–2.95)	0.88
≥45	34	15 (44)	Ref. (1.00)		10 (29)	Ref. (1.00)
Body mass index, kg/m2
Normal weight, 18.5 to <25	62	31 (50)	1.98 (0.85–4.71)	0.11	24 (39)	2.38 (0.94–6.38)	0.06
Overweight, 25 to <30	75	24 (32)	0.94 (0.40–2.20)	1.00	22 (29)	1.57 (0.62–4.17)	0.40
Obese, ≥30	48	16 (33)	Ref. (1.00)		10 (21)	Ref. (1.00)
Marital status
Married	111	44 (40)	1.04 (0.56–1.95)	0.99	35 (31)	1.06 (0.55–2.08)	0.95
Not married	83	32 (38)	Ref. (1.00)		25 (30)	Ref. (1.00)
Education, years completed
≤6 years	23	14 (61)	2.61 (0.84–8.49)	0.10	9 (39)	1.46 (0.44–4.69)	0.64
7–12	125	45 (36)	0.96 (0.45–2.07)	1.00	37 (20)	0.96 (0.43–2.18)	1.00
>12	46	17 (37)	Ref. (1.00)		14 (30)	Ref. (1.00)
Age at sexual initiation, years
≤19	98	41 (42)	1.61 (0.59–4.17)	0.42	33 (34)	1.14 (0.41–3.36)	0.97
19–22	67	26 (39)	1.42 (0.49–4.35)	0.63	19 (28)	0.89 (0.30–2.78)	1.00
>22	26	8 (31)	Ref. (1.00)		8 (31)	Ref. (1.00)
Total lifetime sex partners
1	31	8 (26)	0.62 (0.20–1.80)	0.48	7 (23)	0.61 (0.18–1.85)	0.49
2–4	106	48 (45)	1.48 (0.72–3.08)	0.31	35 (33)	1.04 (0.49–2.22)	1.00
≥5	56	20 (36)	Ref. (1.00)		18 (32)	Ref. (1.00)
Vaginal pH
<4.5	9	1 (11)	0.20 (0.04–1.56)	0.18	0 (0)	–
4.5 to <5.5	13	9 (69)	3.58 (0.95–16.6)	0.06	9 (69)	5.28 (1.39–24.5)	0.01
≥5.5	172	66 (38)	Ref. (1.00)		51 (30)	Ref. (1.00)
HIV status
Positive	139	62 (45)	2.34 (1.13–5.10)	0.01	50 (36)	2.51 (1.12–6.09)	0.02
Negative	55	14 (25)	Ref. (1.00)		10 (18)	Ref. (1.00)

Table shows exact odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) based on logistic regression models.

n, number of women.