Evidence of the interaction between FraC and carbohydrates. (a) Delayed elution profile of FraC on a column of SEC (HiLoad 16/600 Superdex 75) consisting of a composite base matrix of dextran and agarose. Anomalous elution profiles are also observed in other carbohydrate-based gel-filtration columns. V0, Vt and FraC indicate the void volume (45 ml), the column volume (120 ml) and the elution of the monomeric water-soluble form of FraC (198 ml), respectively. (b) Haemolysis of RBC treated with EGCase II, or untreated, in the presence of 19.5 nM FraC. The values corresponding to 100 and 0% haemolysis were obtained by addition of Triton X-100 (1% v : v) or buffer. (c) Inhibitory effect of monosaccharides on haemolysis. The protein was added at a final concentration of 25 µM. The compounds employed were PEG-200 (grey) and monosaccharides glucose (magenta), galactose (orange), mannose (blue), fructose (green) and GlcNAc (light brown).