Table 1.

Descriptive statistics, 1989–2015.

Variables	Major Crops	Statistics
		Mean	Std. Dev.	Min.	Max.	Skewness	Kurtosis
	Wheat	93.74	80.16	2.10	324.50	1.13	3.30
Cropping Area (hectare)	Rice	10.63	12.04	0.00	43.70	1.07	2.87
	Maize	15.89	16.70	0.90	52.20	0.99	2.48
	Sugarcane	20.63	34.18	0.00	126.40	1.78	4.74
	Wheat	210.21	209.57	2.90	901.70	1.53	4.58
Production (tons)	Rice	17.21	18.13	0.00	83.40	1.06	3.41
	Maize	27.44	27.07	0.80	137.10	1.54	5.67
	Sugarcane	1018.16	1707.40	0.00	6403.80	1.75	4.64
	Wheat	879.91	262.46	252.53	1912.22	0.53	3.82
Yield (kg/acre)	Rice	737.29	237.73	303.52	1315.23	0.40	2.27
	Maize	949.31	1038.17	287.11	9307.80	5.71	42.95
	Sugarcane	18,284.91	3603.22	8498.42	29,454.20	0.11	3.14
	Wheat	25.50	3.44	14.47	29.96	−1.90	5.93
Maximum	Rice	36.91	2.00	32.40	42.90	0.36	2.93
temperature (°C)	Maize	32.39	3.46	24.95	38.67	0.04	2.12
	Sugarcane	28.86	3.25	22.70	35.15	0.28	1.84
	Wheat	10.85	3.11	1.37	15.64	−1.62	5.10
Minimum	Rice	24.84	1.71	19.68	29.16	−0.34	3.38
temperature (°C)	Maize	18.29	3.87	9.93	28.42	0.34	2.14
	Sugarcane	14.81	3.17	8.86	21.48	0.09	2.10
	Wheat	22.28	17.58	0.00	71.18	0.79	2.75
Rainfall (mm/year)	Rice	70.89	60.02	0.00	322.58	1.31	4.58
	Maize	33.56	21.80	3.58	112.98	1.08	3.76
	Sugarcane	28.76	20.24	0.25	132.16	1.26	5.91
	Wheat	57.43	6.71	36.17	70.20	−0.74	3.40
Humidity (%)	Rice	58.57	5.90	44.80	74.00	0.09	2.82
	Maize	51.34	5.80	37.25	64.25	−0.21	2.36
	Sugarcane	60.35	5.87	43.55	73.43	−0.52	2.89
	Wheat	229.33	21.91	160.96	280.80	−0.24	3.33
Sunshine (h/day)	Rice	259.49	23.06	175.14	381.00	0.15	7.15
	Maize	249.24	18.37	190.35	290.35	−0.13	3.26
	Sugarcane	233.13	24.12	176.38	290.11	0.37	2.47

Source: Authors own estimation based on Pakistan Meteroloigcal Department (PMD, 2015).