Table 1.

Demographics and Comorbid Diagnoses for Children seen in Down Syndrome Clinic and Pediatric Endocrine Clinic.

	Down Syndrome Clinic		Pediatric Endocrine Clinic
	n = 508	%	n = 57	%
Age, Mean and Range (years)	6.5		11.4a
	0.05–26		0.2–28
Gender
Male	282	55.5	25	44
Female	226	44.5	32	56
Ethnicity (n=494)
Non-Hispanic/Latino	336	68.0	43	80
Hispanic/Latino	158	32.0	11	20
Karyotype (n= 448)
47, XX/47, XY	420	93.8	14
46 XX, t(14;21)/46 XY, t(14;21)	6	1.3
Other (mosaic, other translocations)	22	4.9
Unknown	60		43
Primary Language at Home (n = 506)
English	372	73.5	44	79
Spanish	109	21.5	10	18
Other	25	4.9	2	4
Congenital Cardiac Disease
No	160	31.5	27	47b
Yes	348	68.5	30	52
Required Surgery	145	41.6c	13	43c
Visual Impairment (including astigmatism, strabismus)	312	61.4	24	42b
Hearing Impairment (including pressure equalization tubes)	270	53.2	24	42
Sleep Apnea	154	30.3	14	25
Gastrointestinal Atresia (duodenal, anal, other)	27	5.3	5	9
Seizure Disorder	26	5.1	3	5
Autism Spectrum Disorder	25	4.9	3	5
Undescended Testicles (one or both; males only)	21	7.5
Celiac Disease	19	3.7	4	7
Hirschsprung	14	2.8	2	4
Leukemia/Myeloproliferative Disorder	15	3.0	5	9b
Type I Diabetes	4	0.8	4	7b

^atwo-sided t-test, p < 0.05

^bχ² p-value < 0.05 comparing Down Syndrome Clinic and Pediatric Endocrine Clinic, cardiac disease and visual impairment are more common in Down Syndrome Clinic, leukemia and type 1 diabetes are more common in Pediatric Endocrine Clinic.

^cPercent of patients requiring cardiac surgery is taken only from patients with cardiac disease.