Table 1.
Mean (SD) age and scores on standardized measures of literacy and general cognitive ability in the three groups
| Dyslexic (N = 13) | CA (N = 17) | RA (N = 17) | Significance testing | Group differences | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gender (% male) | 62% | 53% | 59% | χ 2 = 24, p = .885 | none |
| Age (months) | 137.00 (19.60) | 128.00 (14.46) | 100.88 (6.63) | F = 28.04, p = .000 | (DYS = CA) > RA |
| SWRT raw score | 36.69 (11.78) | 50.06 (6.17) | 39.12 (5.51) | F = 12.79, p = .000 | CA > (DYS = RA) |
| SWRT standard score1 | 85.92 (10.94) | 110.35 (12.54) | 103.00 (9.23) | F = 18.66, p = .000 | (CA=RA) > DYS |
| TOWRE SWE raw | 57.23 (16.08) | 75.59 (9.71) | 60.71 (10.63) | F = 10.29, p = .000 | CA > (DYS = RA) |
| TOWRE SWE standard1 | 88.61 (11.11) | 110.65 (10.72) | 110.88 (10.95) | F = 19.37, p = .000 | (CA = RA) > DYS |
| TOWRE PDE raw | 20.23 (8.94) | 43.82 (11.20) | 30.06 (6.85) | F = 25.07, p = .000 | CA > RA > DYS |
| TOWRE PDE standard1 | 83.77 (7.89) | 113.65 (14.39) | 108.24 (9.24) | F = 29.17, p = .000 | (CA = RA) > DYS |
| WRAT raw | 26.77 (4.09) | 36.59 (6.66) | 26.47 (4.45) | F = 19.43, p = .000 | CA > (DYS = RA) |
| WRAT standard1 | 86.77 (8.71) | 114.06 (16.22) | 105.00 (15.35) | F = 13.78, p = .000 | (CA = RA) > DYS |
| WASI vocabulary raw | 39.71 (8.94) | 44.76 (8.06) | 32.65 (7.47) | F = 9.45, p = .000 | CA > RA |
| WASI vocabulary t‐score2 | 50.21 (9.18) | 58.41 (9.95) | 55.41 (11.34) | F = 2.84, p = .069 | none |
| WASI matrices raw | 24.07 (6.21) | 25.29 (4.10) | 21.18 (4.85) | F = 2.86, p = .068 | none |
| WASI matrices t‐score2 | 54.21 (9.09) | 57.29 (7.34) | 59.35 (7.36) | F = 2.63, p = .084 | none |
1Standard score with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. 2 T‐score with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10.