Table 1.
Major PolyHydroxyNaphthoQuinones (PHNQs) molecules (i.e., representing more than 5% of the total PHNQ content in the species) detected in crude extracts from tests and spines of the four selected sea urchin species, ranked by increasing molecular weight.
| PHNQ | Retention Time (min) | MW (U) | Predicted Formula A | PHNQ Concentration (MG of PHNQ/KG of Dried Tests/Spines) B | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. mathaei | D. savignyi | T. gratilla | T. pileolus | ||||
| Spinochrome B | 2.75 | 222 | C10H606 | 9.2 ± 6.9 | - | - | 4.5 ± 4.4 |
| Spinochrome D — Iso 1 | 2.65 | 238 | C10H6O7 | - | 1.6 ± 1.7 | - | 0.6 ± 0.8 |
| Spinochrome D — Iso 3 | 8.65 | 238 | C10H6O7 | - | - | 0.1 ± 0.1 | - |
| Spinochrome E | 1.73 | 254 | C10H6O8 | 4.9 ± 2.1 | - | 0.2 ± 0.2 | 0.4 ± 0.6 |
| Spinochrome A — Iso 2 | 7.95 | 264 | C12H8O7 | 13.0 ± 5.0 | - | - | 0.6 ± 0.7 |
| Echinochrome A | 6.69 | 266 | C12H10O7 | 10.3 ± 2.2 | 17.6 ± 8.8 | 0.1 ± 0.1 | 0.2 ± 0.2 |
| Spinochrome C | 6.73 | 280 | C12H8O8 | 2.4 ± 1.2 | - | - | 0.6 ± 0.9 |
A Based on accurate mass measurements. B PHNQ concentrations are expressed as mean ± SD, n = 4.