. 2017 Jun 16;15(6):179. doi: 10.3390/md15060179

Table 2.

EC₅₀ and MIC values for antibacterial activity of crude extracts, isolated spinochromes and ampicillin. EC₅₀ and MIC values for isolated spinochromes and ampicillin are presented in μM and are converted into μG/mL in order to compare them with crude extracts. “-“ was used for spinochrome/bacteria systems where the EC₅₀ or MIC value could not be determined because of bacterial aggregates.

	Antibacterial Activity
	EC₅₀ and MIC—Bacterial Growth
	E. coli	B. subtilis	V. aestuarianus	C. marina	S. oneidensis
Tests/Spines Crude Extracts (μG/mL)
E. mathaei	688.40	716.70	1518.00	1995.00	1118.00	EC₅₀
E. mathaei	>2000	>2000	>2000	>2000	>2000	MIC
D. savignyi	358.70	252.40	534.80	681.00	391.00	EC₅₀
D. savignyi	406.80	1219.00	>2000	>2000	>2000	MIC
T. gratilla	>2000	1227.00	>2000	543.80	>2000	EC₅₀
T. gratilla	>2000	>2000	>2000	>2000	>2000	MIC
T. pileolus	>2000	512.60	>2000	>2000	>2000	EC₅₀
T. pileolus	>2000	>2000	>2000	>2000	>2000	MIC
Isolated Spinochromes (μM; μG/mL)
Echinochrome A/Spinochrome C	22.56	60.98	-	>1000	27.88	μM	EC₅₀
	6.08	16.43	-	>269	7.51	μG/mL	EC₅₀
	54.19	149.40	-	628.50	48.26	μM	MIC
	14.60	40.26	-	169.38	13.00	μG/mL	MIC
Spinochrome A	199.40	139.20	-	>1000	238.20	μM	EC₅₀
	52.64	36.75	-	>264	62.88	μG/mL	EC₅₀
	>1000	228.40	-	>1000	435.70	μM	MIC
	>264	60.30	-	>254	115.02	μG/mL	MIC
Spinochrome B	16.22	510.50	214.70	>1000	172.40	μM	EC₅₀
	3.60	113.331	47.66	>222	38.27	μG/mL	EC₅₀
	468.30	583.50	>1000	>1000	238.60	μM	MIC
	103.96	129.54	>222	>222	52.97	μG/mL	MIC
Spinochrome E	28.53	295.20	746.70	>1000	742.60	μM	EC₅₀
	7.25	74.98	189.66	>254	188.62	μG/mL	EC₅₀
	90.33	422.40	>1000	>1000	>1000	μM	MIC
	22.94	107.29	>254	>254	>254	μG/mL	MIC
Ampicilin (μM; μG/mL)	4.26	1.31	>1000	>1000	83.55	μM	EC₅₀
	1.49	0.46	>349	>349	65.82	μG/mL	EC₅₀
	8.10	1.80	>1000	>1000	272.00	μM	MIC
	2.83	0.63	>349	>349	94.93	μG/mL	MIC