Table 2.

Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for prevalence of depression by quintile of dietary inflammatory index (DII), NHANES 2007–2012

	Quintile of DII score
	Q1 (N=2,511)		Q2 (N=2,460)		Q3 (N=2,296)		Q4 (N=2,144)		Q5 (N=2,181)
Median DII	−2.78		−1.45		−0.33		0.82		2.43
	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	OR	95% CI	P trend†
Crude association	1.00	Ref.	1.78	1.27, 2.49	2.14	1.67, 2.74	3.11	2.40, 4.03	4.56	3.37, 6.16	<.0001
Model 1	1.00	Ref.	1.73	1.24, 2.42	2.03	1.60, 2.59	2.92	2.25, 3.78	4.19	3.07, 5.72	<.0001
Model 2	1.00	Ref.	1.47	1.03, 2.09	1.65	1.29, 2.12	1.95	1.47, 2.60	2.34	1.69, 3.24	<.0001
Model 3	1.00	Ref.	1.52	1.05, 2.21	1.68	1.27, 2.21	2.03	1.50, 2.75	2.26	1.60, 3.20	<.0001

^†Type III F-test

Model 1: adjusted for age and gender

Model 2: includes all variables from model 1, plus race/ethnicity, poverty income ratio category, employment status, health insurance status, educational status, and marital status

Model 3: includes all variables from model 2, plus BMI, smoking, physical activity, sedentary time, use of vitamin supplements, total energy intake, menopause (among women), and any comorbidity (history of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, CVD, respiratory illness, or cancer)