Table 2.

Clinical intervention studies with plant food bioactives demonstrating factors of interindividual variability in their bioactivity related to cardiometabolic outcomes

Bioactives/food rich in bioactives	Quantity (per day)	Duration	Number of volunteers	Volunteers	Biomarkers presenting interindividual variability	Factors of inter‐individual variability	Reference
Isoflavones	99 mg	12 months	202	Postmenopausal women	Systolic/diastolic blood pressure and endothelial function	Equol producers	64
Isoflavones	80 mg	Acute	28	Men at moderate cardiovascular risk	Arterial stiffness	Equol producers	53
Cocoa Flavanols	907 mg	Acute	42	Healthy subjects	Platelet function	Gender	65
Cocoa Flavanols	450 mg	14 days	42	Young and elderly healthy men	Systolic blood pressure and arterial stiffness	Age	67
Cocoa Flavanols	821 mg	4–6 days	34	Healthy young and elderly subjects	Blood pressure and endothelial function	Age	68
Quercetin	150 mg	6 weeks	93	Overweight or obese young and elderly subjects	Systolic blood pressure	Age and diseases state (hypertension)	69
Plant sterols	2–3.2 g	4‐8 weeks	67	Men and women with normal or increased blood cholesterol levels	Total cholesterol	CYP7A1 polymorphism	72