Table 3.
Pregnancy complications of older and comparison women in all women and in women with singleton pregnancies only
| Number (%)a of older women (n = 233) | Number (%)a of comparison women (n = 454) | Unadjusted OR (95% CI) | P‐value | Model 1 | Model 2 | Model 3 | Model 4 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P‐value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P‐value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P‐value | Adjusted OR (95% CI) | P‐value | |||||
| Any gestational hypertensive disorder | ||||||||||||
| No | 196 (85) | 430 (95) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 34 (15) | 24 (5) | 3.11 (1.79–5.38) | <0.0001 | 2.88 (1.63–5.09) | 0.0003 | 2.84 (1.60–5.06) | 0.0004 | 2.13 (0.75–6.02) | 0.1535 | 1.82 (0.56–5.99) | 0.3221 |
| Any gestational hypertensive disorder managed by early delivery | ||||||||||||
| No | 219 (95) | 442 (97) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 11 (5) | 12 (3) | 1.85 (0.80–4.26) | 0.1482 | 1.72 (0.74–4.01) | 0.2078 | 1.8 (0.77–4.22) | 0.1783 | 1.28 (0.27–6.01) | 0.7536 | 1.49 (0.27–8.28) | 0.6462 |
| Pregnancy induced hypertension | ||||||||||||
| No | 209 (91) | 440 (97) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 21 (9) | 14 (3) | 3.16 (1.57–6.33) | 0.0012 | 2.85 (1.38–5.88) | 0.0046 | 2.81 (1.35–5.84) | 0.0058 | 2.82 (0.79–10.05) | 0.1093 | 2.53 (0.63–10.21) | 0.1912 |
| Preeclampsia | ||||||||||||
| No | 217 (94) | 444 (98) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 13 (6) | 10 (2) | 2.66 (1.15–6.16) | 0.0225 | 2.55 (1.07–6.07) | 0.0346 | 2.53 (1.05–6.09) | 0.0379 | 1.16 (0.22–6.09) | 0.8577 | 0.82 (0.10–6.44) | 0.8483 |
| Gestational diabetes | ||||||||||||
| No | 188 (82) | 436 (96) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 42 (18) | 18 (4) | 5.41 (3.04–9.65) | <0.0001 | 4.97 (2.73–9.04) | <0.0001 | 4.78 (2.61–8.77) | <0.0001 | 4.81 (1.93–12.00) | 0.0007 | 3.41 (1.27–9.19) | 0.0151 |
| Gestational diabetes requiring insulin | ||||||||||||
| No | 221 (96) | 452 (100) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 9 (4) | 2 (0) | 9.2 (1.97–42.96) | 0.0047 | 8.12 (1.72–38.31) | 0.0081 | 7.54 (1.57–36.17) | 0.0115 | 3.64 (0.50–26.55) | 0.2033 | 3.85 (0.49–30.18) | 0.1999 |
| Placenta praevia | ||||||||||||
| No | 222 (97) | 453 (100) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 8 (3) | 0 (0) | ||||||||||
| Placental abruption | ||||||||||||
| No | 226 (99) | 451 (100) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 3 (1) | 2 (0) | 2.99 (0.50–18.04) | 0.2316 | 4.7 (0.65–34.09) | 0.1258 | 4.31 (0.60–30.89)¥ | 0.1456 | 1.2 (0.08–19.02)# | 0.8963 | 1.11 (0.07–18.70)¥,# | 0.941 |
| Diagnosed postpartum haemorrhage | ||||||||||||
| No | 169 (74) | 385 (85) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 59 (26) | 69 (15) | 1.95 (1.32–2.88) | 0.0009 | 1.89 (1.26–2.84) | 0.0022 | 1.74 (1.13–2.66)¥ | 0.0114 | 2.03 (0.97–4.27)# | 0.0603 | 2.45 (1.10–5.44)¥,# | 0.0279 |
| Diagnosed postpartum haemorrhage requring blood transfusion | ||||||||||||
| No | 210 (94) | 441 (98) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 14 (6) | 8 (2) | 3.67 (1.52–8.90) | 0.0039 | 3.53 (1.39–8.92) | 0.0077 | 2.30 (0.87–6.05)¥ | 0.0916 | 4.33 (0.94–19.96)# | 0.06 | 6.39 (1.19–34.42)¥,# | 0.0308 |
| Thrombotic event | ||||||||||||
| No | 229 (100) | 453 (100) | ||||||||||
| Yes | 0 (0) | 1 (0) | ||||||||||
| Labour induced | ||||||||||||
| No | 156 (69) | 321 (71) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 71 (31) | 133 (29) | 1.1 (0.78–1.55) | 0.5945 | 1.18 (0.82–1.69) | 0.3711 | 1.1 (0.75–1.61)¥ | 0.6235 | 1.91 (1.03–3.54)# | 0.0401 | 1.9 (0.98–3.65)¥,# | 0.056 |
| Caesarean delivery | ||||||||||||
| No | 50 (22) | 305 (67) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 178 (78) | 149 (33) | 7.29 (5.03–10.55) | <0.0001 | 6.41 (4.39–9.37) | <0.0001 | 5.9 (3.98–8.75)¥ | <0.0001 | 2.78 (1.44–5.37)# | 0.0024 | 2.98 (1.47–6.05)¥,# | 0.0024 |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | ||||||||||||
| Term (37+ weeks) | 176 (78) | 420 (93) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Iatrogenic preterm (<37 weeks) | 32 (14) | 17 (4) | 4.49 (2.43–8.30) | <0.0001 | 4.49 (2.39–8.43) | <0.0001 | 4.23 (2.19–8.18)¥ | <0.0001 | 1.01 (0.30–3.45)# | 0.9845 | 1.72 (0.40–7.34) ¥,# | 0.4671 |
| Spontaneous preterm (<37 weeks) | 18 (8) | 17 (4) | 2.53 (1.27–5.02) | 0.0081 | 2.44 (1.17–5.09) | 0.0169 | 2.34 (1.09–5.00)¥ | 0.0287 | 1.11 (0.28–4.45)# | 0.8832 | 0.75 (0.14–4.15) ¥,# | 0.7431 |
| Admitted to ITU | ||||||||||||
| No | 224 (97) | 453 (100) | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | |||||
| Yes | 6 (3) | 1 (0) | 12.13 (1.45–101.40) | 0.0212 | 10.98 (1.28–94.01) | 0.0288 | 10.96 (1.28–94.17) | 0.0291 | 33.53 (2.73–412.24) | 0.0061 | 37.53 (2.98–472.18) | 0.005 |
| In nulliparous women | ||||||||||||
| Caesarean delivery | ||||||||||||
| No | 1 | |||||||||||
| Yes | 9.90 (3.64–26.92) | <0.001 | ||||||||||
| In women parity 1+ | ||||||||||||
| Caesarean delivery | ||||||||||||
| No | 1 | |||||||||||
| Yes | 0.71 (0.31–1.66) | 0.431 | ||||||||||
Model 1: Adjusted for socio‐demographic factors (Ethnic group, marital status, socio‐economic group, body mass index and smoking status).
Model 2: Adjusted for variables included in model 1 plus previous medical history (previous uterine surgery not including previous caesarean section and previous or preexisting medical conditions where ¥ is shown, or just previous or preexisting medical conditions where ¥ is not shown).
Model 3: Adjusted for variables included in model 2 plus pregnancy related factors (parity, multiple pregnancy, how conceived and previous caesarean delivery where # is shown, or just parity, multiple pregnancy and how conceived if # is not shown.
Model 4: Women with singleton pregnacies only, adjusted for socio‐demographic factors (Ethnic group, marital status, socio‐economic group, body mass index and smoking status) plus previous medical history (previous uterine surgery not including previous caesarean section and previous or preexisting medical conditions where ¥ is shown, or just previous or preexisting medical conditions where ¥ is not shown) plus pregnancy related factors (parity, how conceived and previous caesarean delivery where # is shown, or just parity and how conceived if # not shown).
Statistically significant values are bolded.
Percentage of individuals with complete data.