TABLE 3.
Time points of first detection of T-cell and antibody-mediated antiviral activity following infection
| Patient | Time point (DFOSx) | Viral load (RNA copies/ml) | Anti-HIV antibodiesa | Anti-gp120 antibodies (reciprocal end point titer)b | T-cell activityc,d | CMId,e | NAbd,f |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MM4 | 17 | 160,000 | + | 100 | NDg | + | − |
| 206 | 30,200 | 12,800 | + | ||||
| MM8 | 12 | 5,927,000 | + | <100 | + | + | − |
| 81 | 41,900 | 3,200 | + | ||||
| MM19 | 13 | 5,678,900 | + | <100 | + | + | − |
| 519 | 371,700 | 12,800 | − | ||||
| MM22 | 14 | 8,311,000 | + | 100 | + | ND | ND |
| MM23 | 9 | 11,105,300 | + | <100 | + | + | − |
| 204 | 117,600 | 51,200 | + | ||||
| MM27 | 28 | 353,200 | + | 800 | + | + | − |
| 466 | 10,600 | 12,800 | + | ||||
| MM28 | 6 | 4,337,100 | + | 100 | + | + | − |
| 503 | 38,600 | 102,400 | − |
All patients had detectable levels of anti-HIV antibodies from the first study sample in diagnostic tests (Murex HIV-1.2.0; Abbott, Wiesbaden, Germany; Wellcozyme HIV Recombinant; Abbott; Serodia HIV-1/2; Fujirebio Inc., Tokyo, Japan; and VIDAS HIV Duo; bioMérieux, Marcy L’Etoile, France).
The titer of anti-gp120 antibodies in patient sera was determined by an in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as described in Material and Methods; the lowest serum dilution tested was 1:100.
HIV-specific T-cell responses were detected in recombinant vaccinia virus-based IFN-γ ELISPOT assays (Table 2).
+, detectable response; −, undetectable response.
The antibody-dependent complement-mediated virus inactivation was intermediate (approximately 50% inactivation of input virus) in early sera from patients MM23, MM27, and MM28 and was strong (approximately 90% inactivation of input virus) in early sera from patients MM4, MM8, and MM19.
Neutralization defined as ≥90% reduction of infection of input virus (Table 1).
ND, not determined, as no (suitable) samples were available for analysis.