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. 2017 Jun 26;7:4218. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-04441-x

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© The Author(s) 2017

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Effects of G1834R and S1902R mutations on FLNb16-17 structure and force response. (a) Unfolding trace of FLNb16-17 WT obtained from SMD a pulling speed of 2.5 Å ns⁻¹ shows that the interaction between domains 16 and 17 is lost first, followed by domain 16 unfolding. The full trajectory is shown gray. The black line represents a moving average with a box size of 500 steps. The snapshots of different time steps are labelled I-IV. (b,c) The CD-spectroscopy analyses of the WT and mutated FLNb17 (b) and FLNb16-17 (c) shows that both G1834R and S1902R destroy the β-sheet folding of FLNb17 and the neighboring domain 16 do not stabilize the β-sheet folding of mutated FLNb17 (c). (d) ¹H ¹⁵N HSQC spectra of FLNb16-17 WT, G1834R and S1902R show that S1902R has high proportion of unfolded regions, whereas G1834R is mainly structurally ordered having only some disordered regions. (e,f) Unfolding traces of FLNb16-17 G1834R (e) and S1902R (f) obtained from SMD a pulling speed of 2.5 Å ns⁻¹. Similarly as with FLNb16-17 WT (a), the interaction between domains 16 and 17 is lost before domain 16 unfolding. However, with both mutants, forces needed to unfold domain 16 are considerable lower than seen with WT. The snapshots of different time steps are labelled I-IV.