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. 2017 May 15;6(7):748–759. doi: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.05.006

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Neonatal Ex-4 promotes browning of female perigondal WAT. Histological analysis of perigonadal adipose tissue from P28 male (A–D) and female (E–H) mice stained with anti-UCP1 (n = 4). Images captured at 4× (A, B, E, F) and 40× (C, D, G, H) magnification. (I–L) Parametrial fat pads dissected from 42 week old females and immunostained with anti-UCP1: LFD 40X (I–J) or HFD 60X (K–L) magnification; n = 6–10 mice/group. RT-qPCR of perigonadal fat pads isolated from P28 female (M) and male (N) mice treated with neonatal Ex-4 or Vehicle. Values are means ± SEM for 4–9 mice per gender and treatment group. *, p < 0.05, relative to corresponding vehicle (Unpaired heteroscedastic t test). ND, transcript not detectable. (O) RT-qPCR of parametrial fat from female mice at 42 weeks. Data expressed as means ± SEM, n = 10–15 mice/group. *, p < 0.05, relative to vehicle LFD, #, p < 0.05 relative to vehicle HFD, Unpaired heteroscedastic t test). (P) Parametrial adipose isolated from P28 females. Explants were treated with vehicle or 10 μM ISO in vitro for 1 h prior to measurement of oxygen consumption with a Clark-type electrode (n = 4). Values expressed as means ± SEM; n = 4 mice/group. *, p < 0.05, relative to neonatal Ex-4- and ISO-, #, p < 0.05 relative to Neonatal Ex-4 – and ISO + (Two-tailed Student's t test). (Q) Core body temperature monitored twice daily for 5 days. Values expressed as means ± SEM; n = 5 mice/treatment. *, p < 0.05 (Two-way ANOVA).