Table 4.
Relationship between predictive variables and severity of pain interference on functioning at Gondar University Hospital, Gondar, Ethiopia.
| Variables | Severity of pain interference on functioning | X 2, P value | AOR (95% CI) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Moderate-severe | No/mild | ||||
| Age in years (mean) | 50.20 | 47.23 | — | 1.02 (0.24, 11.22) | 0.43 |
| Gender | 7.93, 0.01∗ | ||||
| Male | 16 | 26 | 0.52 (0.56, 7.33) | 0.37 | |
| Female | 28 | 13 | 1 | Rf | |
| Level of education | 7383, 0.22 | ||||
| Illiterate | 25 | 17 | 1 | Rf | |
| Primary school | 9 | 9 | 0.59 (0.05, 6.66) | 0.47 | |
| Secondary school | 8 | 5 | 1.85 (0.434, 5.23) | 0.50 | |
| College/university | 2 | 8 | 0.85 (0.85, 2.23) | 0.12 | |
| Stage of tumor | 9.54, 0.10 | ||||
| Stage I | 3 | 4 | 0.27 (0.08,0.56)∗ | 0.03 | |
| Stage II | 6 | 14 | 0.09 (0.03,0.43)∗ | 0.02 | |
| Stage III | 22 | 15 | 0.35 (0.067, 1.46) | 0.13 | |
| Stage IV | 13 | 6 | 1 | Rf | |
| Metastasis | 3.15, 0.18 | ||||
| Present | 11 | 8 | 2.35 (1.46, 6.35)∗∗ | 0.001 | |
| Absent | 26 | 38 | 1 | Rf | |
| History of treatment modality | 6.53, 0.18 | ||||
| Chemotherapy | 28 | 33 | 1 | Rf | |
| Surgery | 3 | 2 | 2.7 (0.67, 5.11) | 0.38 | |
| Combination | 13 | 4 | 3.01 (1.56,7.34)∗ | 0.04 | |
| Comorbidity | 2.24, 0.41 | ||||
| Present | 11 | 5 | 2.00 (0.8, 12.1) | 0.35 | |
| Absent | 33 | 34 | 1 | Rf | |
| Hx of pain | 12.53, 0.00∗ | ||||
| Present | 43 | 28 | 16.45 (1.32, 204.69)∗ | 0.029 | |
| Absent | 1 | 11 | 1 | Rf | |
| Pain management adequacy | 4.92, 0.06 | ||||
| Present | 11 | 18 | 0.46 (0.065,0.67)∗ | 0.034 | |
| Absent | 33 | 20 | 1 | Rf | |
| PMI (mean) | −1.23 | −0.795 | — | 0.88 (0.09,1.01)∗ | 0.06 |
Notes. ∗∗Statistically significant at P < 0.01. ∗Statistically significant at P < 0.05; COD, crude odds ratio; AOR, adjusted odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; Rf, reference variable.