Table 2.

Clinical outcomes

	Preoperative	6 months postoperative	24 months postoperative
Back pain VAS
PDS	4.9 ± 1.3*	1.6 ± 0.4#	1.1 ± 0.6#
Fusion	5.7 ± 1.6*	2.0 ± 0.9#	1.4 ± 0.8#
Leg pain VAS
PDS	5.5 ± 0.6*	1.2 ± 0.7#	0.5 ± 0.3#
Fusion	6.0 ± 0.8*	1.5 ± 0.9#	1.0 ± 0.5#
ODI
PDS	52.6 ± 7.3*	17.1 ± 4.5#	12.2 ± 2.7#
Fusion	58.9 ± 9.6*	25.3 ± 5.6#	16.1 ± 4.3#

P was calculated with independent sample t test. * and # denote significant difference

VAS visual analog scale, PDS posterior dynamic stabilization, ODI Oswestry Disability Index