Table 2.
Reported TREM2 ligands
| Ligand | Techniques | Variants | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
| Bacteria/bacterial components | |||
| Whole Bacteria | CS, P, FC, RC, CB, E | [75, 121, 122] | |
| C. jejuni lysate | E, RC | [123] | |
| N. gonococcus lipooligosaccharides | E, SPR, RC | [124] | |
| Anionic Bacterial Carbohydrates | CB | [121] | |
| Cholera toxin B | E, RC | [156] | |
| Mammalian Cells | |||
| THP-1 monocytes | FC | [26] | |
| BMDMs | FC | [98] | |
| BMDCs | FC | [100] | |
| Astrocytes | RC, CS | [121, 125, 126] | |
| Neuronal Cells | CS, RC, FC | [26, 37, 39, 125] | |
| Apoptotic cells | FC, RC, P | [30, 37] | |
| Anionic molecules | |||
| Phospholipids & Sulfolipids | E, DB, RC, LB | R47H, R62H ↓ D87N, T96K ↑ | [26, 30, 65, 127, 128, 132, 157] |
| DNA | IP, RC | [39] | |
| Sulfated proteoglycans | FC | [26] | |
| Mammalian proteins | |||
| HSP60 | E, CS. | [125] | |
| Plexin-A1 | FRET, IP | [113] | |
| TREML1 (short transcript) | IP | [96] | |
| Apolipoproteins (A,B,E,J) | DB, P, IP, E, BLI, PM | R47H ↓[128, 134] R47H, R62H, D87N↓[135] | [128, 134, 135] |
| Lipoparticles | BLI, RC, PM | R47H, R62H ↓ D87N↑↓, T96K ↑ | [132, 135] |
| Negative results | |||
| Certain Mammalian Cells | CS | [121] | |
| Apoptotic Jurkat cells | FC | [128] |
Key: E = ELISA, RC = reporter cell, FC = flow cytometry P = phagocytosis/cellular uptake, IP = Co-immunoprecipitation, CB = competitive binding, CS = cell staining, DB = dot blot, LB = liposome binding, BLI = biolayer interferometry, PM = protein microarray, SPR = surface plasmon resonance.