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. 2017 May 30;18(6):1156. doi: 10.3390/ijms18061156

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© 2017 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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Liver mitochondrial performance of IR-IRS1dh mice. (A) Liver mitochondrial respiration determined by polarography. MPox: malate and pyruvate oxidation; MGox: malate and glutamate oxidation; Sox: succinate oxidation; Gox: glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate oxidation. Pyruvate and glutamate were used as complex I, succinate as complex II, and glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate as complex III substrates, respectively. (B) Liver mitochondrial proton motive force (PMF) measurements. Columns and symbols represent (A) mean values ± standard deviation or (B) mean values ± standard error; n: 5, * denotes significant differences between IR-IRS1dh mice compared to wt controls; * p < 0.05.