| wt | wild-type |
| IR | insulin receptor |
| IRS-1 | insulin receptor substrate-1 |
| IR-IRS1dh mice | insulin receptor (IR)+/–-insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1)+/– double heterozygous mice |
| mo | months |
| TCA | tricarboxylic cycle |
| KO | knockout |
| NAFLD | non-alcoholic fatty liver disease |
| NASH | non-alcoholic steatohepatitis |
| PPAR | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor |
| PGC1α | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha |
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