| AKT1 | RAC-α serine/threonine-protein kinase 1 |
| ATA | American Thyroid Association |
| CT | computed tomography |
| DTC | differentiated thyroid carcinoma |
| EANM | European Association of Nuclear Medicine |
| ETE | extrathyroidal extension |
| ETA | European Thyroid Association |
| FAP | familial adenomatous polyposis |
| FNA | fine-needle aspiration biopsy |
| FTC | follicular thyroid carcinoma |
| FDG-PET | F-18-fluorodeoxy-glucose positron emission tomography |
| LT4 | levothyroxine |
| MEN2 | multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 |
| PAX8 | paired box gene 8 |
| PDTC | poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma |
| PIK3CA | phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit α |
| PPARγ | peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma |
| PTC | papillary thyroid carcinoma |
| PTEN | phosphatase and tensin homolog |
| PTMC | papillary microcarcinoma |
| RET | RET proto-oncogene |
| rhTSH | recombinant thyrotropin |
| RIT | radioiodine therapy |
| SPECT | single photon emission computed tomography |
| TERT | telomerase reverse transcriptase |
| Tg | serum thyroglobulin |
| TKI | receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors |
| TP53 | tumor protein p53 |
| TSH | thyroid-stimulating hormone (also known as thyrotropin) |
| VEGF | vascular endothelial growth factor |
| WHO | World Health Organization |